Pengaruh temperatur dan lama pengadukan pada proses degumming minyak jarak pagar (crude jatropha oil) sebagai biokerosin
MUSIARMANTO, Dr. Ir. Sarto, M.Sc
2008 | Tesis | S2 Magister Sistem TeknikKelangkaan kerosin yang terjadi sejak akhir tahun 2006 dan program pemerintah tentang konversi kerosin ke LPG menuai banyak masalah. Peran kerosin dapat digantikan oleh minyak jarak pagar (Crude Jatropha Oil) dengan degumming sebagai perlakuan awalnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh, optimalisasi temperatur dan lama pengadukan terhadap efisiensi degumming minyak jarak pagar serta mengetahui sifat minyak jarak pagar hasil degumming dibandingkan dengan spesifikasi kerosin. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara pemanasan minyak jarak pagar dalam reaktor degumming dan pengadukan dilakukan setelah larutan H3PO4 0,2% dimasukkan dalam reaktor dengan variasi temperatur 60oC, 70oC, 80oC dan 90oC serta variasi lama pengadukan 20 menit, 40 menit 60 menit dan 80 menit. Crude Jatropha Oil hasil degumming dianalisa kadar phospornya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan temperatur semakin tinggi dan pengadukan semakin lama, efisiensi degumming cenderung meningkat. Efisiensi degumming paling optimal diperoleh pada temperatur 70oC dan lama pengadukan 60 menit yaitu sebesar 84,97%. Minyak jarak pagar (Crude Jatropha Oil) hasil degumming belum memenuhi spesifikasi kerosin.
Kerosene scarcity has been occurred since early 2006 and a program of kerosene conversion into LPG promoted by government gives several problems. Crude Jatropha Oil is expected to substitute kerosene role with the process of degumming as the initial process. The objective of this research is to understand the effect of temperature and the stirring time period on degumming efficiency of Crude Jatropha Oil and also to understand the characteristics of the Crude Jatropha Oil from degumming result compared to kerosene specification. The experiment was done by heating Crude Jatropha Oil in the degumming reactor, and stirring was applied as the solution of H3PO4 0.2% has been entered into the reactor. In this experiments, the variation temperatures are 60oC, 70oC, 80oC and 90oC and also with the stirring time in 20 minutes, 40 minutes, 60 minutes and 80 minutes. Crude Jatropha Oil for degumming result was analyzed to ensure phosphor content. The result of this research showed that degumming efficiency tend s to increase with increasing temperature and stirring time. The optimal degumming efficiency of 84.97% was obtained when temperature 70oC and the stirring time 60 minutes. The yield of degumming process is compared to the standard specification of kerosene.
Kata Kunci : Minyak jarak pagar,Degumming,Biokerosin, CJO, Degumming, Biokerosene
