Efek antiproliferasi dan apoptosis sari Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus Lamk) dan fraksi aktifnya terhadap sel T47D

WIDARYANTI, Barinta, Prof. Dr. Sukarti Moeljopawiro, MApp.Sci

2008 | Tesis | S2 Bioteknologi

Pengobatan kanker menggunakan bahan alami saat ini menjadi pilihan mengingat pengobatan kanker dengan cara kemoterapi memberikan efek samping. Salah satu bahan alami yang diminati adalah buah merah. Buah merah telah banyak digunakan untuk pengobatan HIV/AIDS, asam urat, osteoporosis dan kanker. Bukti ilmiah yang mendukung khasiat buah merah dalam menyembuhkan kanker masih terbatas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek antiproliferasi dan apoptosis sari buah merah terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D. Sari buah merah difraksinasi menggunakan pelarut klroroform, etil asetat dan aquades. Uji sitotoksisitas dan uji proliferasi sel T47D dengan perlakuan sari buah merah dan fraksinya dilakukan menggunakan MTT cell viability assay. Analisis daur sel dilakukan dengan flowcytometry menggunakan pewarnaan propidium iodida. Uji morfologi apoptosis dilakukan dengan pewarnaan ganda etidium bromida/akridin oranye dan diamati menggunakan mikroskop fluoresen. Deteksi aktivasi caspase-3 dilakukan dengan western blot. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sari buah merah dan fraksi air memiliki efek sitotoksik yang rendah terhadap sel kanker T47D. Nilai IC50 sari buah merah pada sel T47D diperoleh 488 ppm selama 24 jam. Pada waktu inkubasi 48 jam diperoleh nilai IC50 fraksi air 163 ppm. Sari buah merah dan fraksi air tidak berpengaruh terhadap daur sel kanker T47D. Sari buah merah dan fraksi air mampu menyebabkan apoptosis melalui aktivasi caspase-3.

A number of traditions came to dominate the practice of herbal medicine in the western world at the end of the twentienth century. Recently, red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lamk) is the one of natural product which has been used for many disease including cancer in Indonesia. There is limited scientific studies of cytotoxic effect, apoptosis induction and cell cycle progression of red ruit extract on breast cancer cell. Therefore, the objective of this research is to give a scientific evidence of antiproliferative and apoptotic effect of red fruit extract on breast cancer cell lines. Pandanus conoideus Lamk was fractinated using chloroform, ethyl acetate and water. The toxicity was measured by MTT assay. The effect of red fruit extract on cell proliferation inhibition was determined by cell proliferation assay MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis was determined by flowcytometry using propidium iodide staining. Apoptosis detection was done by double staining using ethidium bromide/acrydine orange and observed on fluorescence microscope. Caspase-3 expression was determined by western blot analysis. The result exhibited that red fruit extract and its water fraction had low cytotoxicity. The IC50 of red fruit extract was 488 ppm at 24 hours incubation, while at 48 hours incubation the IC50 of its water fraction was 163 ppm. Red fruit extract and its water fraction had no effect on cell cycle progression. The extract was able to induce apoptosis through caspase-3 activation. This findings suggests that red fruit extract is more suitable for cancer chemoprevention.

Kata Kunci : Buah Merah,Apoptosis,Pandanus conoideus Lamk,Caspase,3,Sel T47D,Pandanus conoideus Lamk, apoptosis, caspase-3