Hubungan antara penetapan tujuan, Self-Efficacy, kesuksesan psikologis dan kinerja

ARSANTI, Tutuk Ari, Dr. T. Hani Handoko, MBA

2008 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara penetapan tujuan, selfefficacy, kesuksesan psikologis, dan kinerja individu. Percobaan dan pengujian instrumen perlakuan (treatment) dalam penelitian eksperimen ini diikuti oleh 122 mahasiswa dan 84 mahasiswa Universitas Satya Wacana Salatiga diikutsertakan dalam eksperimen laboratorium. Eksperimen menggunakan anagram sebagai bentuk penugasan dan perlakuan yang diberikan dalam eksperimen untuk memanipulasi tingkat kesulitan tujuan. Alat ukur yang dikembangkan oleh Sherer, Maddux, Mercandante, Prentice-Dunn, Jacob, dan Rogers (1982), yang terdiri atas 17 item pertanyaan yang telah dimodifikasi, digunakan untuk mengukur self-efficacy. Sedangkan untuk mengukur kesuksesan psikologis menggunakan alat ukur yang dikembangkan oleh Hall, (1977) yang terdiri dari 7 item pertanyaan. Pengukuran kinerja menggunakan skor nilai yang diperoleh partisipan dalam pelaksanaan tugas anagram. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah ANOVA untuk menguji hubungan kausal antara penetapan tujuan dan kinerja, sedangkan regresi sederhana digunakan untuk menguji hubungan antara self-efficacy, kesuksesan psikologis, dan kinerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan kausal antara penetapan tujuan dan kinerja tidak signifikan, hubungan antara initial self-efficacy dan kinerja signifikan, hubungan antara kinerja dan kesuksesan psikologis signifikan, hubungan antara kesuksesan psikologis dan subsequent self-efficacy tidak signifikan, dan hubungan antara subsequent self-efficacy dan kinerja berikutnya signifikan. Dengan demikian dari lima hipotesis yang dikembangkan, 3 hipotesis memperoleh dukungan dan 2 hipotesis tidak didukung oleh hasil penelitian.

This research aims to examining the relationship between goal setting, selfefficacy, psychological success, and individual performance. Many students from Satya Wacana Christian University were participate in manipulation check and laboratory experiment. Anagram was used in this experiment as individual assignment and goal setting’s treatment. Self-efficacy were measured with 17 items, adapted and modified from the Sherer, at al. (1982). Scale assessing the strength of person’s efficacy. Psychological success was measured with 7 items to evaluating how successful the person feels in the game, adapted from the Hall and Foster (1977). Performance was measured with score that achieved by participant in the game. Path analysis was used in order to analyze the relationships. ANOVA was used to test the causal relationship between goal and performance. Linier regression was used to test the relationship between initial self-efficacy, psychological success, subsequent self-efficacy and performance. The research finding shows that causal relationship between goal setting and performance was not significant, the relationship between initial self-efficacy and performance was significant, the relationship between performance and psychological success was significant, the relationship between psychological success and subsequent self-efficacy was not significant, and the relationship between subsequent self-efficacy and performance was significant. Three of five hypothesized of this research has supported and two hypothesized has not supported.

Kata Kunci : Kinerja,Self Efficacy,Kesuksesan Psikologis, Goal Setting - Initial Self-Efficacy - Psychological Success - Subsequent Self-Efficacy – Performance