Melacak formulasi dan kritik terhadap teori tindakan komunikatif Jurgen Habermas

KRISTANTO, Budi, Dr. Purwo Santoso, MA

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Politik

This research aims to trace formulation of the Theory of Communicative Action of Jürgen Habermas, using the qualitative analytic methods that focused on the type of the research, which have descriptive character in nature. Based on that trace to the formulation of the Communicative Action Theory as a ground, the author tried to provide criticism to the Theory of Communicative Action of Jürgen Habermas. Jürgen Habermas saw that, actually, the function of works as a means to be free replaced by “communicative action”. In the communication process, refers to Jürgen Habermas, there is exchange of an idea, in which in that exchange, both of the sides rationally argued each other, explain their idea, hold it, refuse, and finally comes to the point, that is the common platform dealed by both of the parties. These kinds of process almost similar with the dialectical of the Hegel, which were then, are adopted by Karl Marx with his class dialectical. The agreement achieved actually is a product from the dialectics within the thesis and antithesis, which is then, becomes synthesis. Based on the research of the author, the formulation of the Theory of Communicative Action of Jürgen Habermas; actually, came from the Max Weber rationality theory and also Karl Marx modernism theory; -and also combined structural-functional theory Parsons and system theory Emile Durkheim- so that the Jürgen Habermas dialog with those borguies scholars almost erase the spirit of critical theory, does not like what Jürgen Habermas hopes. There is a strong tendency for Jürgen Habermas to be fallen in the tradition of the borguies scholars. In other words, in order to show the important and legitimating of the critical theory, Communicative Action Theories explained by Jürgen Habermas, as a free human association forms was obliged Jürgen Habermas to borrow others theory which contradicted with critical theory outlines. In this context, Jürgen Habermas was accommodating borguies scholars thought too much. The Theory of Communicative Action of Jürgen Habermas, actually, has crucial implementation. The tendencies of this theory is to transforms another theory –which contradicted with the critical theories – explained in the complex words but irrelevant politically. By this means, it was dedicated to Jürgen Habermas incredible grades, for its scientific, but tends to seize his writing from the political vitality. Jürgen Habermas are still unable to interact with public and unable also to explain briefly and clearly the social problems. Theoretical adoption from this contradicted scientific tradition causing the Communicative Action Theory- not yet able to inspiration alternative theory in order to prevent, for examples: social movements and civil society movements as a main victims of globalization, and nowadays-social changes. Jürgen Habermas trapped in the borguies theory tradition, so that his critical theory outlines, in author’s opinion, cannot apply correctly.

Kata Kunci : Teori Tindakan Komunikatif,Jurgen Habermas, communicative actions, rationality, and modernism