Pengaruh luas lantai dan pegagan (Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban) dalam pakan terhadap performan, kualitas karkas, profil darah dan daging pada ayam broiler

SIREGAR, Dini Julia Sari, Dr.Ir. Supadmo, MS

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat luas lantai dan level pemberian pegagan terhadap performan, jumlah leukosit, karakteristik kualitas karkas dan lemak serta daging pada ayam broiler. Seratus delapan puluh (180) ekor ayam broiler strain Lohmann jenis kelamin jantan secara acak dibagi menjadi 36 kelompok yang mendapatkan pakan sesuai dengan periode dari pemeliharaan ayam broiler dan air minum secara ad libitum. Perlakuan terdiri dari sembilan kombinasi yaitu percobaan luas lantai 0,06; 0,08; 0,10 m2/ekor dan level pegagan adalah 0; 1; 2% dengan empat kelompok sebagai ulangan masing - masing terdiri dari lima ekor. Percobaan biologis dilakukan selama 5 minggu untuk mendapatkan data performan dan satu minggu sebelum masuk percobaan biologis diberikan masa untuk adaptasi. Jumlah leukosit diambil dari darah ayam sebelum dilakukan pemotongan, sedangkan data daging, lemak dan karkas dilakukan pemotongan ayam setelah berumur enam minggu. Analisis laboratorium meliputi pengukuran kadar leukosit darah, kadar glikogen sesaat setelah pemotongan sedangkan kadar asam laktat dan derajat keasaman daging paha dilakukan enam jam setelah pemotongan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis variansi rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 3 x 3, apabila berbeda nyata dilakukan uji banding dengan uji Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tiga tingkat luas lantai dan level pegagan menunjukkan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, sedangkan pada konversi pakan, jumlah leukosit, bobot potong, bobot dan persentase karkas, bobot dan persentase lemak abdominal, glikogen daging, asam laktat daging serta derajat keasaman daging menunjukkan pengaruh yang tidak berbeda nyata pada ayam broiler. Interaksi antara perbedaan luas lantai dan pemberian level pegagan yang berbeda pada pakan terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, jumlah leukosit, bobot potong, bobot dan persentase karkas, bobot dan persentase lemak abdominal, glikogen daging, asam laktat daging serta derajat keasaman daging memberikan perbedaan yang tidak nyata.

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of the floor size level and the use of pegagan in the diet (0; 1; and 2%) on performance, leucocyte total, characteristic of carcass quality and fat and also meat of broiler chicken. One hundred and eighty broiler chickens, Lohmann strain, male, were randomly devided into 36 groups, which given feed compatibility with period and the maintenance of broiler chicken and drinking water was given ad libitum. Treatment consist of nine combinations, with four groups as a replicated, consisted of five broiler chickens each. Biologic experiment was conducted for 5 weeks to obtain the performance and one week for adaptation before experiment started. Total leucocyte were collected before broiler chicken were slaughtered. Meet, fat, and carcass broiler were obtained from broiler at six weeks old. Leucocyte and glicogen of blood were measured after slaughtered. Lactic acid value and degree of thigh meet acidity conducted at six hour after slaughtered. Data was analyzed by using analysed of variance and fallowed (tested by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test). Result of study indicated that of three space floor levels and pegagan level were significantly effect on feed consumption, average daily gain. Feed conversion, leucocyte total, carcass weight and carcass percentage, weight and abdominal fat pad percentage, meet glicogen, meet lactic acid and also degree of meet acidity were no significant difference on broiler chicken. There were no interaction between difference of floor space and pegagan levels on feed consumption, average daily gain, leucocyte total, weight and carcass percentage, weight and abdominal fat percentage, meet glikogen, meet lactic acid, and also the degree of meet acidity.

Kata Kunci : Pakan Ternak Ayam Broiler,Kualitas Karkas,Luas Lantai dan Pegagan, Broiler chicken, Floor space, Pegagan, Performance, Leucocyte total, Carcass and fat quality