Kajian sosial ekonomi pelaksanaan inseminasi buatan sapi potong di Kabupaten Kebumen

HASTUTI, Dewi, Dr.Ir. Sudi Nurtini, SU

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sosial ekonomi peternak dan inseminator, keberhasilan pelaksanaan IB dengan melihat penampilan reproduksi sapi potong, kelembagaan IB dan mengetahui pendapatan usaha ternak sapi potong serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di tiga kecamatan di Kabupaten Kebumen mulai bulan Juli sampai dengan September 2006. Responden terdiri atas 60 peternak sapi potong yang diambil secara purposive sampling dan 33 orang petugas inseminator di lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder di ambil dengan metode survei. Variabel variabel yang diamati meliputi karakteristik sosial ekonomi responden, penampilan reproduksi ternak (umur sapih, kawin setelah beranak, S/C dan C.I.), kelembagaan IB dan pendapatan usaha ternak sapi potong. Analisis data menggunakan uji-t untuk membandingkan penampilan reproduksi antara sapi IB dengan sapi kawin alam dan analisis regresi untuk mengetahui faktor faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pendapatan peternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penampilan reproduksi yakni umur sapih dan C.I sapi IB pada uji- t berbeda nyata terhadap penampilan reproduksi sapi kawin alam, sedangkan kawin setelah beranak dan S/C berbeda tidak nyata. Hasil analisis regresi linier berganda menghasilkan F hitung sebesar 9,007 sangat signifikan (P< 0,01) dan koefisien determinasi R2 sebesar 0,505 hal ini berarti bahwa sebanyak 50,50% variabel dependent secara bersama sama mampu dijelaskan oleh variabel-variabel bebas, sedangkan sisanya 49,50% dijelaskan oleh variabel-variabel lain di luar model. Faktor-faktor yang signifikan mempengaruhi pendapatan usaha ternak sapi potong yaitu faktor pengalaman beternak memberikan pengaruh positif secara sangat signifikan (P< 0,01), biaya kawin memberikan pengaruh negatif secara signifikan (P< 0,10) dan variabel dummy berpengaruh positif secara sangat signifikan (P < 0,01).

This study was conducted to determine social-economic characteristics of farmers and inseminators, to determine the performance of beef cattle reproduction in the implementation artificial insemination (AI) program, institution of AI and to determine of income from beef cattle farmers was used AI and also factors influencing them. The research was conducted at three districts which located in Kebumen regency on July to September 2006. Respondents consist of 60 farmers and 33 Inseminators were taken by using purposive sampling. This research used primary data and secondary data were taken by using survey method. Observed variables were social-economic characteristic of respondent, performance of beef cattle reproduction (calf weaning, postpartum mating, service per conception (S/C) and calving interval (C.I)), institute of AI and income of beef cattle farmers. This research use analysis which consist of t- test to compare performance of beef cattle reproduction between AI program with natural breeding and regression analysis to know the factors affecting of income level. The result of research showed that calf weaning and C.I of AI at t- test have significant difference compare to natural breeding, post partum mating and S/C on AI and natural breeding shows insignificant difference. Analysis result of regression showed F equal to 9.007 significant (P< 0.01) and coefficient of determinant R2 equal to this 0.505 that mean 50.50% dependent variable can be explained by free variable, while the rest 49.50% explained by other variables outside. The factors significantly affected to income are farm experience (P<0.01), cost of breeding (P<0.10), and dummy variable (P<0.01). The farm experience and dummy variable had positive effect while cost of breeding had negative effect.

Kata Kunci : Sapi Potong,Inseminasi Buatan, Insemination, Beef cattle, Performance of reproduction