Koping istri dalam merespon kegagalan terapi infertilitas di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta

SIGAR, Aisyah, dr. Siswanto A. Wilopo, SU.,MSc.,Sc.D

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kes. Ibu dan Anak-Ke

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi kejadian infertilitas baik di dunia maupun Indonesia dalam beberapa dekade terakhir mengalami peningkatan. Pada tingkat global berkisar (15%) dan Indonesia (10-12%). Faktor penyebab infetilitas tergantung pada kedua pasangan. Penanganan dan pemeriksaan membutuhkan kesabaran terutama bila infertilitas yang disebabkan oleh faktor istri. Terapi infertilitas sampai dengan saat ini belum bisa berhasil (100%), sehingga hal ini akan membuat stres yang berkepanjangan bila terjadi kegagalan terapi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui dan mengidentifikasi bentuk koping istri dalam merespon kegagalan terapi infertilitas, serta mengidentifikasi masalah psiko sosial, budaya dan ekonomi. Metode: Jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Populasi adalah semua istri yang menjalani terapi infertilitas pada periode 2002-2006. Subyek penelitian istri yang mengalami kegagalan terapi infertilitas sebanyak 16 kasus. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, diskusi kelompok terfokus yang diikuti oleh 4 orang peserta dan wawancara mendalam terhadap12 informan. Analisis menggunakan deskriptif analitik. Hasil : Koping awal cenderung negatif seperti : marah, menangis, sedih, kecewa dan menarik diri. Setelah itu koping menjadi positif seperti melakukan aktifitas, refresing, pasrah dan tawakal. Sementara koping untuk mempertahankan kelangsungan perkawianan saling terbuka dan lebih melihat kelebihan dari pada kekurangan pasangan, memelihara anak, adopsi dan melakukan doa bersama. Solusi dalam merespon dampak terhadap problem psikososial, budaya serta ekonomi adalah menghindari pembicaraan,kegiatan sosial, mencari alternatif terapi, dan mengikhlaskan semua biaya yang telah dikeluarkan. KESIMPULAN : Koping istri dalam merespon kegagalan terapi awalnya cenderung negatif. Melakukan aktifitas dan refresing cara positif agar tida banyak waktu memikirkan masalah. Sementara itu dukungan mental yang diberikan oleh orang terdekat dapat mengurangi ketidak berdayaan mereka. Bentuk koping untuk mempertahankan kehidupan perkawianan saling terbuka dan mau menerima kekurangan pasangan, memelihara anak keluarga atau adopsi. Dampak psikososial, budaya, ekonomi terhadap koping istri menghindari pembicaraan, aktifitas sosial, mencari alternatif terapi dan ikhlas pada biaya yang dikeluarkan. Bentuk koping paling akhir selalu melakukan doa bersama, pasrah,

Background: Prevalence of infertility both in global and in Indonesia in the past decades is increasing, reaching 15% and 10-12% respectively. The factors regarding fertility depend on a couple so that the treatment requires considerable patience especially when the cause comes from the wife factor. As a matter of fact, the success of infertility therapy has not reached.100 percent yet, thus, this can lead a woman to have an increased stress when failure occurs. Objective: To investigate and identify the forms of wife’s coping in responding the infertility therapy failure as well as identify the problems related to psychosocial, culture, and economy. Method: This was a qualitative study with a case study design. The population was all wives undergoing infertility therapy in the period of 2002-2006 and the subject was 16 wives experiencing infertility therapy failure as the case. Data collection was obtained through observations, focused group discussion (FGD) followed by 4 persons, and an in-dept interview to 12 informants. Meanwhile, the analysis used analytic-descriptive. Result: The initial copings were likely to be negative such as anger, crying, sadness, disappointment, and withdrawal from surrounding. But, copings could turn down to be positive; some out of which were doing activities, having refreshing, and surrendering all matters to God. Meanwhile, copings to save marriage were openness and valuing more to the spouse’s strengths than weaknesses, taking care of relative’s child, adoption, and praying. However, solutions on responding the impacts of psychosocial, cultural, and economic problems were avoiding talks, doing social based activities, seeking for therapy alternatives, and letting go of all expenses spent. Conclusion: Wife’s coping in responding infertility therapy failure was initially likely to be negative. It could then turn down to be positive by doing such positive activities as refreshing in order to avoid thinking of the problems. Aside of this, mental support given by the closest family or persons could reduce the stressful feeling. Copings to save the marriage were openness and willingness to accept the spouse’s weaknesses, raising relative’s child or adoption while copings of impacts of psychosocial, cultural, and economic problems were avoiding talks, doing social based activities, seeking for therapy alternatives, and letting go of all expenses spent Finally, the last copings that could be done were praying together, keeping the efforts and surrendering all matters to God.

Kata Kunci : Infertilitas, Kegagalan Terapi, Koping Istri, wife’s coping, therapy failure, infertility.