Tinjauan hukum Peraturan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam/Uit Usaha SImpan Pinjam dan implementasinya pada PT. Permodalan Nasional Madani (Persero)

RIDA, Ahmad, Prof.Dr. Nindyo Pramono, SH.,MS

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hukum (Magister Hukum Bisnis)

Koperasi Simpan Pinjam dan Unit Usaha Simpan Pinjam adalah Lembaga Keuangan Mikro yang keberadaannya sangat dibutuhkan oleh pengusaha mikro, kecil dan menengah yang berjumlah 38 juta orang yang tersebar di seluruh pelosok tanah air. Peran dan fungsi KSP dan USP sangat diharapkan dalam rangka menyediakan sarana tabungan atau simpanan dan sumber dana/pembiayaan bagi masyarakat dan pengusaha kecil. Terwujudnya peran dan fungsi tersebut sangat penting karena dengan sistem lembaga keuangan khususnya perbankan masih belum optimal menggarap segmen UMKMK. Undang-undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 tentang Perkoperasian dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 9 Tahun 1995 tentang Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Usaha Simpan Pinjam oleh Koperasi dan peraturan pelaksana lainnya menjadi landasan hukum bagi KSPUSP, namun ketentuan/peraturan yang ada belum menjamin kondisi ideal sebagaimana cita-cita yang diharapkan oleh ketentuan tersebut, dalam prakteknya masih ada kesulitan dan hambatan bagi tumbuh kembangnya KSP/USP sebagai lembaga yang sangat dibutuhkan masyarakat. Sumber dana atau permodalan adalah salah satu persoalan yang selalu mengemuka dalam mengelola koperasi simpan pinjam dan unit usaha simpan pinjam. Jika hanya mengandalkan simpanan pokok dan simpanan wajib dari anggota saja maka bisa dipastikan tidak akan cukup dan akan memakan waktu yang lama untuk menghimpun dana untuk dikelola sebagai pinjaman. Ketika KSP dan USP mengajukan pinjaman ke bank mereka terbentur dengan ketentuan standar perbankan yang high regulated, terutama masalah agunan dan manajemen. Disinilah peran PT. Permodalan Nasional Madani (Persero) sebagai satu satunya Badan Usaha Milik Negara dan lembaga pembiayaan non bank yang visi dan misinya adalah memberdayakan dan meningkatkan sektor usaha mikro kecil menengah dan koperasi. Dengan ruang lingkup usaha dan kegiatan berupa jasa pembiayaan dan pengelolaan kredit program, penyertaan modal pada LKM dengan pola konvensional dan syariah serta jasa manajemen dalam rangka peningkatan kemampuan dan kualitas manajemen, sistem teknologi dan informasi, pelatihan sumber daya manusia serta pendirian lembaga keuangan mikro diseluruh Indonesia

Savings and credit cooperative and savings and credit business unit are the microtinance institutions whose existence is considered essential for micro, small, and medium business owners of 38 million in number spread all over the country. The roles and functions of Savings and Credit Cooperative (KSP) and Savings and Credit Unit (USP) are required to provide savings or deposit and funding instruments for society and small entrepreneurs. The manifestation of such roles and functions becomes crucial as the performance of other financial institution systems particularly banking are not optimum in building up Micro Small and Medium Business (UMKM) segment. The Law No. 25/ 1992 on Cooperatives and Government Regulation No. 9/ 1995 on the Implementation of Savings and Credit Business by Cooperative and other implementing regulations become the legal basis for Savings and Credit Cooperative/ Savings and Credit Unit (KSP/USP). However, the existing stipulations/regulations cannot guarantee the delivery of ideal condition as expected in respective regulations. In reality, difficulties and obstacles in developing KSP/U SP as an essential institution for society remain occurred. Fund source or funding is one of the emerging problems in managing savings and credit cooperatives and savings and credit business unit. Merely relying upon primary savings and compulsory savings from its members is certainly not sufficient and it will take a lengthy period to reserve funds for loans. When KSP and USP propose loans to banks, they are stumbled by high-regulated banking stipulation standards, particularly on collateral and management issues. At this stage. PT Permodalan Nasional Madani (Persero) plays it roles as the one and only State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) and non-banking funding institution having vision and mission to empower and to improve micro small medium business and cooperative sectors. Its business and activity scopes include funding services and program credit management, conventional and sharia model of equity investment on Microfinance Institution (LKM) and management services in terms of improving management capacity and quality, information and technology system, human resources training and establishment of microfinance institutions throughout Indonesia. Employing appropriate system and method in compliance with standard qualifications for finance business management, banking and cooperative, legal _as well as measured and transparent risk management, PT PNM (Persero) aims to assist the government in accomplishing the development and empowemrent of Micro Small Medium Business and Cooperative (UMKMK) through cooperatives and other financial institutions for the development of people's economy based on principles of justice and equity for the whole of the people of Indonesia

Kata Kunci : Hukum Koperasi,Peraturan Simpan Pinjam, “Development and Empowerment of Microfinance Institution and Small Business to accomplish a proper and prosperous living for the whole of the people of Indonesia