Kadar testosteron, spermatogenesis, dan morfologi spermatozoa Epydidymis tikus (Rattus norvegicus, L.) setelah diperlakukan ekstrak herba meniran (Phyllanthus ninuri, L.)

HARLIS, Wa Ode, Drs. Suharno, SU

2008 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri, L.) merupakan tumbuhan yang digunakan oleh masyarakat pedesaan yang dipercaya sebagai tumbuhan kontrasepsi pria tradisional, selain itu herba meniran mengandung beberapa senyawa yang tergolong dalam kelompok produk alami antifertilitas, yaitu; minyak atsiri, alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, dan triterpen. Penelitian ini dilaksankan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak herba meniran terhadap kadar testosteron serum, spermatogenesis, dan morfologi spermatozoa epididymis tikus (Rattus norvegicus L.). Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah 24 ekor tikus jantan, berumur ±2,5 bulan, dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan dosis, yaitu : A (kontrol), B (plasebo), C (0,7 mg/200g bb), D (0,9 mg//200g bb), E (1,8 mg/200g bb), dan F (2,7 mg /200 g bb). Perlakuan per oral, sebanyak 2,0 ml/hari selama 49 hari. Pada hari ke-50, dilakukan pengamatan kadar testosteron, spermatogenesis, dan morfologi spermatozoa epididymis tikus. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan Analysis of Varience Test (ANOVA, α = 0,05). Dilanjutkan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT). Berdasarkan pengamatan dan analisis statistik didapatkan hasil bahwa perlakuan ekstrak meniran dengan dosis yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Hal ini nampak jelas dengan semakin besarnya dosis yang diberikan, maka terjadi penurunan kadar testosteron serum, penurunan jumlah sel spermatogenik (spermatogonium, spermatosit primer, spermatosit sekunder, dan spermatid,), serta penurunan persentase morfologi normal spermatozoa epididymis tikus.

Phyllanthi niruri is a plant that villagers believe as traditional contraception herbal for males. In addition, phyllanthi niruri contains some compounds classified into natural antifertility product, namely; volatile oil, alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, and triterpen. The present research was conducted to study the effect of phyllanthi niruri herbs extract on serum testosterone level, spermatogenesis, and spermatozoa morphology in epididymis of rats (Rattus norvegicus L.). The test animals used were 24 male rats, aged ± 2,5 month, divided into six dosage treatments groups, i.e. A (control), B (placebo), C (0,7 mg/200g bw), D (0,9 mg/200g bw), E (1,8 mg/200g bw), dan F (2,7 mg/200g bw). The ectracts were given orally to all conducted on serum testosterone level, spermatogenesis, and spermatozoa morphology in epididymis. The data obtained were analysed by using the Analysis of Variance Test (Anova α = 0,05), and the effects were further analyzed by using BNT. The result showed that the phyllanthi niruri extract were significantly affected all parameters measured. Higher dosage administered resulted in the reduced testosterone level, reduced spermatogenic cell counts (spermatogonia, spermatocytes primary, spermatocytes secondary, and spermatids), as well as reduced percentage spermatozoa normal morphology in epididymis of rats.

Kata Kunci : Antifertilitas,Ekstrak Meniran,Spermatogenesis, Phyllanthus niruri, L., phyllanthi niruri extract, epididymis, testosterone, spermatogenesis, spermatozoa morphology, ELISA method