Pengembangan Transit Oriented Development (TOD) di wilayah perkotaan :: Studi kasus kawasan Shelter Busway Kampung Melayu, DKI Jakarta

DWITASARI, Reslyana, Dr.Ir. Heru Sutomo, M.Sc(Eng)

2007 | Tesis | Magister Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Perkembangan fisik kota di kawasan shelter busway Kampung Melayu Jakarta saat ini cenderung belum mampu memberikan kemudahan bagi pengguna transportasi massal. Hal ini disebabkan karena tidak adanya keterpaduan antara perkembangan transportasi dengan pembangunan kota. Salah satu solusi penanganan dengan melakukan pola pembangunan yang mengedepankan aksesibiltas transportasi dengan menggunakan konsep Transit Oriented Development (TOD) yaitu pola pembangunan tata kota yang terintergrasi dengan sistem transportasi. Pengembangan pembangunan kota mengikuti arah jalur-jalur dari sistem angkutan umum massal. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan terwujudnya desain perancangan kota dengan konsep TOD dengan berbagai prinsip elemen perancangan kota seperti intensitas pemanfaatan lahan dan harapan masyarakat terhadapat konsep pembangunan sebuah kawasan kota. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan shelter busway kampung melayu DKI Jakarta di kawasan Kelurahan Bidaracina dan Balimester dengan menggunakan kuesioner dengan pertanyaan tertutup dan terbuka. Metode yang digunakan konsep penataan perancangan kota dengan panduan elemen-elemen rancang kawasan ruang kota. Analisis yang digunakan analisa regresi dan analisa faktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 25 variabel harapan masyarakat terhadap konsep pengembangan TOD di kawasan membentuk empat faktor, yaitu (1) aksesibilitas dan visibilitas, (2) sarana dan prasarana, (3) keamanan dan keselamatan, (4) kenyamanan. Faktor terbesar pergerakan perjalanan di kawasan Bidaracina dipengaruhi oleh jumlah pekerja dalam rumah tangga dan kawasan Balimester di pengaruhi oleh jumlah pendapatan keluarga perbulan. Konsep penataan yang dihasilkan adalah berupa ilustrasi desain perancangan kota berupa tata guna lahan dan intensitas pemanfaatan lahan, tata bangunan, ruang terbuka, jalur pejalan kaki, serta kegiatan penunjang yang ada.

The development of Kampung Melayu busway shelter area at presently fails to provide easy access to the mass-transportation user. This problem arises because no integration between the development of transportation and the city’s development. One of the solutions for this problem is to perform a development scheme that gives priority to transportation accessibility by applying the concepts of Transit Oriented Development (TOD), meaning that the city planning development scheme is integrated with the transportation system. Consequently, the city’s development will be moving in accordance to the direction of the mass transportation network. This research was conducted to design a city planning scheme which employed TOD concepts with several elements, i.e. land use intensity and people’s expectations toward the city’s development concept. This research was conducted in Kampung Melayu DKI Jakarta busway shelter area, particularly in the Kelurahan Bidaracina and Kelurahan Balimester area, by utilizing with a set of closed and open questions. The method that was used was city planning design concept with the guide of city space area design elements. Factor analysis and regression analysis were performed. This research concluded that the 25 people’s expectation toward the TOD development concept variables in this area formed four factors, i.e.: (1) accessibility and visibility, (2) means and infrastructure, (3) security and safety, (4) comfort. The number of working family member was the most significant factor that influenced trip movement in Kelurahan Bidaracina, but however in Kelurahan Balimester it was the family’s monthly income. This research yields a planning concept in a form of a city design illustration which detailed with land use and land exploitation intensity planning, buildings planning, open spaces, pedestrian paths, and other existing activities facilities.

Kata Kunci : Sistem Transportasi,Transit Oriented Development,Transit Oriented Development (TOD), City Design, Regression Analyses, Factor Analysis