Tinjauan penggunaan Slag Nikel sebagai pengganti agregat kasar terhadap karakteristik mekanis pada campuran beton aspal AC-BC

ARSYAD, La Ode Muhammad Nurrakhmad, Dr.Ir. Latif Budi Suparma, M.Sc

2008 | Tesis | Magister Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Perkembangan teknologi bahan saat ini telah banyak mendorong banyak penelitian untuk mencoba menggunakan material alternatif sebagai komponen dalam campuran aspal. Slag merupakan salah satu hasil limbah pengolahan nikel PT. Aneka Tambang Pomalaa Sulawesi Tenggara, proses peleburan bijih nikel tersebut menghasilkan limbah berupa slag/terak yang jumlahnya sangat besar, slag/terak tersebut harus ditangani atau dimanfaatkan dengan benar karena berpotensi menimbulkan masalah lingkungan serta fenomena sosial dimasyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengganti agregat kasar dengan slag nikel pada saringan lolos 1” sampai tetahan No.8 tanpa melalui penyetaraan volume. Variasi yang digunakan dalam perbandingan agregat biasa : slag nikel, yaitu : (0%:100%), (25%:75%), (50%:50%), (75%:25%) dan (100%:0%). Dengan menggunakan metode Marshall, perendaman,kepadatan mutlak dan recycling, ditentukan kadar aspal optimum dari masing-masing variasi benda uji. Benda uji pada kadar aspal optimum selanjutnya dilakukan perendaman selama ½ jam (standar) dan 24 jam, selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian Marshall, derajat kepadatan mutlak, dan uji recycling yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi penggunaan slag nikel berdasarkan nilai Marshall Quotient, indeks perendaman, dan nilai Marshall Quotient setelah proses recycling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar aspal optimum benda uji variasi slag nikel 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100% adalah 6,27%, 6,30%, 6,12%, 5,125%, dan 5,072%. Pada perendaman standar variasi slag nikel 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100% diperoleh nilai Marshall Quotient masing-masing adalah 528 kg/mm, 409 kg/mm, 424 kg/mm, 389 kg/mm, dan 385 kg/mm. Pada hasil pengujian recycling variasi slag nikel didapat nilai Marshall Quotient 457 kg/mm, 421 kg/mm, 402 kg/mm, 373 kg/mm, dan 393 kg/mm. Hasil pada pengujian refusal density menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh variasi slag nikel terhadap karateristik Marshall berupa nilai density terhadap benda uji slag berturut-turut adalah 2,40; 2,42; 2,50; 2,60 dan 2,60. Berdasarkan hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan slag nikel sebagai pengganti agregat kasar pada campuran beton aspal AC-BC dapat menurunkan kadar aspal optimum, dan meningkatkan nilai stabilitas. Serta penggunaan slag nikel sebagai pengganti agregat kasar pada campuran beton aspal AC-BC yang mencapai optimum pada kadar aspal 6,30% dan prosentase kadar slag nikel sebesar 25%.

Rapid development of material technology has motivated many researches attempting to use alternative materials as one of the components of asphalt mixture. Slag is one of waste substances resulted from nickel production of PT. Aneka Tambang Pomalaa, South of celebes. One of the outcome products from the nickel ore melting process is significant amount of a waste substance called slag. Such matter should be dealt and utilized properly due to its potential adverse impacts to environment as well as social problems. This study attempted to replace coarse aggregate with nickel slag. The slag passed through the 1” screen size and restrained in No. 8 without volume equalization. The variations used for common aggregate to nickel slag were (0%:100%), (25%:75%), (50%:50%), (75%:25%) and (100%:0%). Under the Marshall method, immersion, absolute compactness and recycling, the optimum asphalt concentration of every sample substance was determined. The sample was then immersed for ½ hour (standard) and 24 hours, and subsequenty for the Marshall test and refusal density. The purpose of recycling test was also performed to identify the influence of nickel slag variations based on the Marshall Quotient value, immersion index, and Marshall Quotient value after the recycling process. Results of this research showed that the optimum asphalt content of nickel slag variations of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% were 6.27%, 6.30%, 6.12%, 5.125%, and 5.072%, respectively. With standard immersion for nickel slag variations of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, the Marshall Quotient values were 528 kg/mm, 409 kg/mm, 424 kg/mm, 389 kg/mm, and 385 kg/mm respectively. The results of recycling test for nickel slag variation, the Marshall Quotient values were 457 kg/mm, 421 kg/mm, 402 kg/mm, 373 kg/mm, and 393 kg/mm, respectively. The refusal density test showed that the influence of nickel slag variations to Marshall characteristic was the density values to the slag sample, which were 2.40; 2.42; 2.50; 2.60 and 2.60, respectively. Based on these result values, it could be identified that the use of nickel slag to replace coarse aggregate for asphalt concrete mix AC-BC decreased the optimum asphalt degree but increased the stability value. The replacement reached

Kata Kunci : Campuran Aspal,Agregat Kasar,Slag Nikel,AC-BC, Nickel Slag, Marshall, Recycling