Economic interaction between Bangkinang City and rubber producers in surrounding villages

MUKHTAR, M. Fadli, Dr. Willem van Winden dan Dr. Kawik Sugiana

2007 | Tesis | Magister Perencanaan Kota dan Daerah

Penelitian ini betujuan untuk: a) mengetahui interaksi ekonomi antara Kota Bangkinang dan produsen karet di desa-desa sekitar sekitar Kota Bangkinang. b) untuk mengetahui apakah kebijakan pemerintah dibidang infrastruktur/program sesuai dengan kebutuhan produsen karet di desa-desa sekitar Kota Bangkinang, dan c) bagaimana cara untuk meningkatkan interaksi. Tipe penelitian ini adalah deskriptif empiris. menggunakan kombinasi data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara. survey ke instansi terkait dan studi perpustakaan. Pada interaksi konsumsi, sebahagian besar petani karet memenuhi kebutuhan mereka yang berupa bahan makanan, alat rumah tangga, pakaian. material bangunan, TV/Radio. dan sepeda motor dari desa mereka atau desa sekitar desa mereka. Begitu juga halnya dengan input pertanian karet. sebahagian besar petani memenuhi kebutuhan berupa benih karet. pupuk. dan peralatan pertanian dari desa mereka atau desa sekitar desa mereka. Berdasarkan survei, rantai pemasaran karet adalah petani, pedagang karet, industri karet dan ekspor. Dari interaksi keuangan ditemukan banyak proyek yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk pengembangan bisnis karet, dukungan ini dalam bentuk mikro kredit. dan proyek pemerintah. Berdasarkan wawancara, petani karet menyatakan bahwa kebijakan pemerintah dibidang infrastrukture/program telah sesuai dengan kebutuhan mereka. lnteraksi yang positif pada lokasi penelitian, berdasar pada positif dan negatif urban-rural linkage antara lain dilihat dari; konteks internasional, berupa: akses terhadap pasar intemasional untuk produsen menengah dan kecil dengan harga yang stabil. investasi asing mendukung produksi lokal, dari konteks nasional: strategi pertumbuhan regional yang seimbang termasuk penyediaan infrastruktur, fasilitas kredit untuk produsen menengah dan kecil, menjadi sumber pendapatan pemerintah lokal, dan pemerintah lokal konteks: mendukung backward and forward linkages antar pertanian dan industri.

This research aims to: a) explore nature of economic interaction between Bangkinang City and rubber producers in selected surrounding villages, b) to examine whether government at regional level policies for infrastructure/program appropriate toward the needs of rubber producers in selected villages, and c) how to improve the interaction. Type of the research is descriptive empirical research; it’s used a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data, data collection was conducted through interview, institutional survey and literature study. At consumption linkage, most of rubber farmers fulfill they need such as raw food requirement, households tools, clothes, construction material, TV/Radio, and motor cycle from their village/near village. The same condition with rubber agriculture input, most of farmers fulfill they need such as rubber seed, fertilizer, and agriculture equipment also from their village/near village. Based on survey data, rubber commercial chain pattern at research locations is farmer, rubber merchant, rubber industry and export. From financial linkages, found that there were many projects conducted by government to develop rubber business, the support in form of micro credit, and government project/investment. Base on interview, rubber farmers said government policies in infrastructure/program development conform to requirement of them, the infrastructure/program development such as fulfillment of road infrastructure, fulfillment of market infrastructure, and agriculture information There is bypass in trading, therefore Bangkinang City doesn’t play role both as consumer convenience centers for purchasing durable and non durable goods and agriculture input for rubber farmers in surrounding villages, In financial flows there are three models of financial flow, which are; a) formal capital flow, in form of micro credit, b) informal money movement in form of a remittance and c) investment by government, and donors. Positive linkage at research location, base on positive negative urban rural linkages, among other thing; from International context: access to international markets for small and medium-sized producers, with stable commodities prices, foreign investment supports local production. National context: regional balanced growth strategies including satisfactory provision of infrastructure, credit facilities for small and medium-sized producers, revenue support to local government. Local governance: supports backward and forward linkages between agriculture services and industry located in local urban centers.

Kata Kunci : Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah,Infrastruktur,Interaksi Produsen Karet, economic, urban-rural linkages, rubber producers