Dampak Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui bantuan modal usaha terhadap peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat penerima bantuan di Kecamatan Kupang Timur Kabupaten Kupang

MANUKOA, Jacobus, Dr. Budiono Sri Handoko, MA

2007 | Tesis | Magister Ekonomika Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui bantuan modal usaha terhadap peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat penerima bantuan dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan program pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan pendapatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi model logit dan regresi linear berganda dengan metode kuadrat terkecil (OLS) dengan mengunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data Primer diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuisioner pada kelompok masyarakat penerima bantuan modal usaha melalui Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat sedangkan data sekunder di dapat dari Dinas Koperasi PKM Kabupaten Kupang, Bagian Penyusunan Program Setda Kabupaten Kupang, Bagian Keuangan Setda Kabupaten Kupang, Kantor Kecamatan Kupang Timur dan Kantor Desa Tuapukan, Kantor Kelurahan Babau dan Kantor Kelurahan Oesao. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan pada Kecamatan Kupang Timur dan Desa Tuapukan, Kelurahan Babau dan Kelurahan Oesao. Hasil Penelitian dengan mengunakan model regresi logit menunjukan bahwa Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui pemberian bantuan modal usaha mampu meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat penerima bantuan. Peningkatan pendapatan dipengaruhi oleh besarnya bantuan yang diberikan, jenis usaha dagang dan tingkat pendidikan kelompok masyarakat penerima bantuan yaitu yang berpendidikan SLTA ke atas. Dengan mengunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan metode OLS menunjukkan bahwa variabel bebas peran pengelola, ketepatan sasaran penyaluran bantuan modal usaha, tingkat pengembagian modal usaha dan persepsi terhadap PPM berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap keberhasilan program PPM berupa peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat.

This study was aimed to find out the effects of Community Empowerment Program (CEP), through the provision of business capital support, on income improvement of the beneficiaries and to find out the contributing factors for the success of the program in improving the income. The methods used in this study were logistic linear model and multiple linear regression with the least square method (OLS), and using the primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained from questionnaires distributed to the community group who received the business capital support in the Community Empowerment Program. The secondary data were obtained from KPM Cooperative Office of Kupang District, Program Development Division of Kupang District Secretary, Financial Division of Kupang District, Sub District Office of East Kupang, Village Office of Tuapukan, Village Office of Babau, and Village Office of Oesao. The locations of study were Sub District of East Kupang, Tuapukan Village, Baubau Village, and Oesao Village. The results of study, using logit regression model, indicated that the Community Empowerment Program through the provision of business capital support was able to improve the income of the beneficiaries. Such an increase was influenced by the amount of capital support, the type of business activity, and the educational level of the beneficiaries, i.e., JHS and higher. Using the multiple linear analysis with OLS method, it was indicated that the independent variables, operator role, right beneficiary targets of the business capital support, level of business development, and perception of the program (CEP), had a significant and positive influence on the success of the program in the form of improved community income.

Kata Kunci : Pendapatan Masyarakat,Bantuan Modal Usaha,Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Community Empowerment Program (CEP), business capital support, improved income, and program success