Strategi pengembangan industri mikro gula kelapa menggunakan metode disagregasi

KARNO, Yustitiawati Dewi, Prof.Dr.Ir. Sutardi, M.AppSc

2007 | Tesis | S2 Teknologi Hasil Perkebunan

Tujuan penelitian adalah membuat strategi pengembangan industri mikro gula kelapa dengan menggunakan metode disagregasi (Schroeder). Objek penelitian yaitu pengrajin gula kelapa di Desa Pageraji. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey, studi pustaka dan wawancara dengan alat bantu kuesioner. Jumlah responden sebanyak 82 orang diambil dari 10% total jumlah pengrajin. Untuk keperluan penelitian, kategori pengrajin dibagi menjadi 3 berdasarkan jumlah produksi gula kelapa per hari, yaitu kecil (25%) dengan kapasitas produksi < 100 kg/bulan, sedang (71%) dengan kapasitas produksi 100-300 kg/bulan dan besar (4%) dengan kapasitas produksi 301-500 kg/bulan. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 4 tahap yaitu analisis data komparatif tanaman kelapa dan komoditas gula kelapa, analisis profil industri gula kelapa, merumuskan kondisi pengrajin gula kelapa ke dalam matriks SWOT dan membuat rancangan strategi pengembangan pengrajin gula kelapa dengan menggunakan metode disagregasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Desa Pageraji merupakan desa yang memiliki jumlah produksi terbanyak di Kabupaten Banyumas, yaitu 1.653.120 kg (2005). Seluruh pengrajin gula kelapa di Desa Pageraji termasuk dalam skala usaha mikro. Pengrajin kategori besar memiliki HPP terendah yaitu Rp. 5.244 per kg. Strategi pengembangan yang diambil yaitu membentuk KUB pengrajin dibawah binaan pemerintah dan institusi terkait seperti koperasi usaha kecil dan menengah serta bank pemerintah dengan penguatan modal, kelembagaan dan administrasi, standarisasi mutu proses, serta pelatihan proses produksi dan budidaya tanaman kelapa. Hasil analisis biaya produksi menunjukkan bahwa KUB beranggotakan 80 pengrajin dengan produksi gula kelapa per hari sebanyak 360 kg memiliki profit paling optimal diantara 4 kelompok lainnya dengan nilai HPP sebesar Rp. 3.953. Ini berarti bahwa dengan adanya KUB, profit pengrajin menjadi lebih besar dan produksi gula kelapa menjadi lebih efisien.

The objective of research was to prepare development strategi for palm micro industry by using aggregation method of Schroeder. The object of research was palm sugar enterprises at Pageraji village, Cilongok sub-district, Banyumas regency. Methods used in experiment were survey, literature study and interview using questioner form. The selected respondens was 82 enterprises who were 10% of total interprises. Based on the capacity production per day, therefore the enterprises were devided to be three catagories i.e small scale that produce less than 100 kg/month/enterprise in the amount of 25%, medium scale that produce between 100-300 kg/month/enterprise in the amount 71%, and large scale that produce between 301-500 kg/month/enterprise in the amount of 4% respectively. The research was conducted in 4 stage that were comparative data analysis of coconut plant and palm sugar commodity, analysis of palm sugar industry profile, formulation of palm sugar enterprises condition in the SWOT matric, and preparation of development strategy design for palm sugar enterprises by disaggregation method. The result showed that Pageraji village was categorized as the biggest palm sugar producer in Banyumas regency i.e. 1,653,120 kg (2005). All of palm sugar enterprises at Pageraji village belong to micro scale intreprises. Large scale of palm sugar interprises had the lowest production cost i.e. 5,244/kg. Development strategy was set up for establishment of corporate enterprises group. The implemention of strategy was hopefully supported and supervised by related local government, institution such as department of small-medium enterprises cooperatives and government bank for the strengthening of capacity building, capital, management institution, standardization of process and product quality. Model with 80 enterprises member was able to produce 360 kg palm sugar per day and the cost of production could be reduced became Rp.3,953/kg. its mean the higher profit will be gained by the group and the production of palm sugar will be more efficient.

Kata Kunci : Industri Mikro Gula Kelapa,Pengembangan,Metode Disagregasi,micro industry, coconut for taping, enterprises, disaggregation method, corporate enterprises group