Pengaruh polutan Laut Parangtritis terhadap kinerja Isolasi Resin Epoksi dengan bahan pengisi abu sekam padi dan Silicone Rubber
SYAHWIR, Irawati Dewi, Dr.Ir. Hamzah Berahim, MT
2007 | Tesis | S2 Teknik ElektroPolimer saat ini telah banyak diteliti orang dengan harapan bisa didapatkannya formula bahan isolasi dengan kinerja yang tinggi pada penggunaan tertentu. Polimer mampu memegang peranan penting sebagai bahan isolasi karena memiliki kelebihan baik secara fisis maupun kimiawi. Bahan ini sensitif jika digunakan pada suhu tinggi, kelembaban tinggi, dan daerah dengan intensitas radiasi ultraviolet (UV) tinggi, seperti di Indonesia. Di kawasan pantai laut parangtritis banyak terjadi kegagalan isolator karena permukaannya terkontaminasi oleh lapisan polutan yang bergaram dan lembab. Bahan polimer dari jenis resin epoksi yang digunakan sebagai bahan isolasi tegangan tinggi adalah Diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A, dengan agen pematangan metaphynelyne-Diamine dengan perbandingan (NS) 1:1, bahan pengisi berupa abu sekam padi dan silicone rubber mulai 10%-50%. Ukuran bahan uji 70mm × 70mm × 50mm. Metedologi eksperimen yang dilakukan dengan penuaan dipercepat dilaboraturium. Mempergunakan lemari uji untuk mensimulasi iklim tropis selama 96 jam dan setiap 12 jam dipantau kinerjanya. Kinerja yang dipantau adalah tegangan flashover, arus bocor permukaan, rapat endapan garam ekivalen, sudut kontak hidrofobik, kekuatan mekanis, analisis gugus fungsi, dan degradasi permukaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penurunan kekuatn tarik dan kenaikkan kekerasan permukaan bahan uji dengan penambahan komposisi filler dan lamanya penyinaran UV. Komposisi filler dan lamanya penyinaran UV mempengaruhi kinerja flashover dan arus bocor. . Semakin lama bahan uji tersebut mengalami penyinaran UV, maka tegangan flashover dan arus bocor cenderung turun. Bertambahnya komposisi filler akan menurunkan sudut kontak permukaan bahan uji, yang dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan kandungan ESDD. Penuaan dipercepat selama 96 jam pada bahan uji menunjukkan terjadinya degradasi permukaan dengan adanya goresan dan bintik-bintik hitam pada permukaan bahan, tetapi belum berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perubahan struktur kimia permukaan bahan uji.
Polymers have been investigated by many researchers in order to find high performance insulator formula in specific uses. Polymers can play a significant role as insulating media because of their excellent physical and chemical properties. It is very sensitive if used in high temperature, very humid, or area with high intensity of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, like in Indonesia. In parangtritis sea, there were many insulators failed because the surface was contaminated with wet and salty pollution layer. The epoxy resin Polymer, which was used as high voltage insulating materials, consists of Diglycydyl ether of Bisphenol A (DGEBA) and Metaphynelyne-Diamine (MPDA) catalyst using the ratio 1:1. In this case, it were used rice husk ash and silicone rubber fillers having the amount from 10% up to 50%. The dimension of test material was 70 mm × 70mm × 5 mm. The accelerated aging test to insulation material samples were conducted at electrical engineering high voltage laboratory. The tropical climate was simulation in experiment chamber for 96 hours. In which test samples were put in at every 12 hours was sample taken out of the chamber and their characteristic were studied followed: flashover voltage, leakage current, ESDD, hydrophobic contac angle, mechanic strength, and surface degradation. The results of the research indicated the decrease of tensile strength and the increase of surface strength were to the addition of filler compositions and duration of UV radiation. The performance of flashover and leakage current were not influenced by the composition of filler. The performance of flashover and leakage current were influenceded by duration of UV radiation. The longer periode of UV radiation resulted in the decrease of flashover and leakage current. The more resulted in angle the lower of hydrophobicity, which appeared as the decrease of surface contact angle of the insulation materials. Ninety six hours accelerated aging showed some black dots and some colour change on the studied surface material. However there was no significant change in chemical structure of the test material surface.
Kata Kunci : Resin Epoksi,Bahan Polimer,Silicone Rubber
