Implementasi Wajib Belajar 9 tahun di Kecamatan Pangkalan Banteng, Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat

AMIRHANSYAH, Drs. Soetomo, M.Si

2007 | Tesis | S2 Sosiologi (Kebijakan dan Kesejahteraan Sosial)

Pelaksanaan Wajib Belajar 9 Tahun di Kecamatan Pangkalan Banteng belum optimal. Masih banyak anak usia sekolah yang tidak melanjutkan pendidikan di SMP. Pemerintah Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat melalui Dinas Pendidikan ataupun Kantor Cabang Dinas Pendidikan Kecamatan Pangkalan Benteng telah berupaya melaksanakan wajib belajar 9 tahun. Permasalahan yang diteliti adalah faktor-faktor apa yang berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan program wajib belajar 9 tahun, baik yang bersifat positif (dukungan) maupun yang bersifat negatif (hambatan). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif diskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diuji dengan teknik triangulasi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik interaktif models. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wajib belajar 9 tahun di Kecamatan Pangkalan Banteng dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Faktor yang mendukung adalah adanya dukungan kebijakan dari Pemerintah Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat berupa pembebasan biaya pendidikan bagi siswa kurang mampu, dan dukungan sarana pendidikan dan dukungan keuangan dari pemerintah pusat. Sedangkan faktor-faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaan wajib belajar 9 tahun yaitu beban dan daya tampung wajib belajar, prasarana dan sarana, masalah kualitas, masalah guru, masalah pendanaan, lokasi geografis, dampak kebijakan ujian nasional. Kesimpulannya: faktor-faktor yang mendukung pelaksanaan wajib belajar 9 tahun di Kecamatan Pangkalan Banteng Kabupaten Kotawaringin yaitu : 1) Kebijakan sekolah gratis yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah kabupaten, terutama bagi masyarakat kurang mampu kebijakan ini perlu diteruskan untuk mengantisipasi bertambahnya anak usia sekolah dari golongan masyarakat tidak mampu.Bantuan pendanaan oleh Pemerintah Pusat melalui pemberian BOS (Bantuan Operasional Sekolah) dan BOP (Bantuan Operasional Pendidikan) untuk SD dan SMP se-Kecamatan Pangkalan Banteng, 2)faktor-faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaannya program wajib belajar 9 tahun adalah : beban dan daya tampung akibat pertambahan jumlah penduduk, kondisi prasarana dan sarana yang kurang memadai, termasuk tidak dilaksanakannya Program Kejar Paket A (Setara SD) Dan Kejar Paket B (Setara SMP), kualifikasi guru yang belum ideal, lokasi geografis yang terpencil tidak mempunyai cukup guru, pendanaan yang masih kurang, dampak pelaksanaan ujian nasional

The Nine-year Compulsory Basic Education program in Pangkalan Banteng sub-district has not been optimally implemented. Numerous children of school-age discontinuing their education to junior high schools. The government of West Kotawaringin through either the district Education Office or the Education Branch Office of Pangkalan Banteng sub-district has carried out some efforts for the nine-year compulsory basic education program implementation. Problem to study involved what factors had provided both positive (supporting) and negative (inhibiting) influences on the implementation of the nine-year compulsory basic education program . Qualitative descriptive method was utilized in the research. Data were gathered through observations, interviews and documentations. Validity was tested with triangulation technique. Data collected were analyzed based on interactive model technique. Results indicated that the nine-year compulsory basic education program in Pangkalan Banteng sub-district were influenced by numerous factors. The supporting ones were supporting policies of Kotawaringin Barat district government in terms of free tuition for unlucky students, education facilities and financial supports from central government. Factors inhibiting the nine-year compulsory basic education program included the load and capacity of compulsory basic education program, facilities and infrastructure, quality issues, teacher issues, financial issues, geographical location, the impacts of national examination policy. It was concluded that factors supporting the implementation of the nineyear compulsory basic education program in the Pangkalan Banteng sub-district of Kotawaringin district involved: 1) Free school policy that the district government launched particularly for those coming from unlucky families; such a policy should be preserved to anticipate increasing school age children dcoming from unlucky families. Central government’s support through BOS (Bantuan Operasional Sekolah/ Operational Support for Schools) and BOP (Bantuan Operasional Pendidikan /Operational Support for Education) provided for Elementary Schools and Junior High Schools throughout Pangkalan Banteng subdistrict; 2) Factors inhibiting the nine-year compulsory basic education program were load and capacity of the program due to increasing populations, insufficient facility and infrastructure conditions including unimplemented Kejar Paket A /Study Group Package A (equivalent to Elementary School level) and Kejar Paket B / Study Group Package B (equivalent to Junior High School level) programs, less ideal teachers’ qualifications, remote geographical are with insufficient teacher numbers, less financial fund, the impacts of national examination implementation program.

Kata Kunci : Kebijakan Pendidikan Nasional,Implementasi Wajib Belajar 9 Tahun,Nine-year Compulsory Basic Education program, factors influencing