Transformasi Ketoprak di media televisi pada Ketoprak Humor RCTI dan Ketoprak Sayembara TVRI

MULYANINGSIH, Endang, Prof.Dr. C. Soebakdi Soemanto, SU

2007 | Tesis | S2 Pengkajian Seni Pertunjukan dan Seni Rupa

Ketoprak adalah salah satu teater rakyat Jawa Tengah dan Yogyakarta. Seperti halnya kesenian yang lain, ketoprak mengalami perkembangan sesuai tuntutan masyarakat penyangganya. Perkembangan bentuk ketoprak dimulai dari Ketoprak Lesung, Ketoprak Peralihan, Ketoprak Gamelan, hingga Ketoprak Garapan. Tesis ini membahas tentang Ketoprak Televisi (Ketoprak Humor RCTI & Sinema Ketoprak Sayembara TVRI) salah satu ragam Ketoprak Garapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) untuk mengetahui bentuk Ketoprak Televisi, (2) untuk mengetahui proses produksi Ketoprak Televisi, (3) untuk mengetahui transformasi ketoprak di media televisi. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, riset pustaka, dan rekaman program ketoprak televisi. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan tiga pendekatan, yaitu dramaturgi, sosiologi dan komunikasi. Transformasi ketoprak di media televisi tak lepas dari sifat ketoprak dan sifat media televisi. Sifat ketoprak adalah adaptif dengan lingkungannya, hal ini dikarenakan ketoprak terlahir sebagai hiburan bukan sarana ritual, sehingga kesenian ini lebih mudah berubah. Ketika ketoprak masuk di media televisi, ketoprak menyesuaikan diri dengan sifat televisi. Televisi bersifat tidak netral, ada kepentingan ekonomi, sosial dan politik di dalamnya, karena itu bentuk ketoprak televisi berkembang sesuai dengan kepentingan wadahnya. Dari penyesuaian antara sifat ketoprak dan sifat televisi terjadilah transformasi ketoprak televisi.

Ketoprak is one of the Central javanese folks theatrical plays or arts. As other form of arts. Ketoprak has experienced some changes. The form of changes of Ketprak happened because the medium of Ketoprak has changed as well. The medium in particular is the society that holds this art, which has its own economic, social and political conditions. The Development of Ketoprak begins with Ketoprak Lesung, Ketoprak Peralihan, Ketoprak Gamelan and Ketoprak Garapan. This paper discusses Ketoprak Televisi (Ketoprak Humor RCTI & Sinema Ketoprak Sayembara TVRI) as one of Ketoprak Garapan form. The purpose of the research are: 1) to find out about the form of Ketoprak Televisi, 2) to find out about the production process of Ketoprak Televisi , 3) to find out about the ketoprak transformation in the television medium. The methods used in this research includes data gathering, data analyzing, and presentation of the data analyzing. Data gathered through interiew, literature research and television ketoprak program records. The data analyzed with three different approaches includes Dramatology, Sociology and Communication. The transformation of ketoprak ini television medium can not be separated from nature of ketoprak and the nature of television medium. Ketoprak nature’s is adaptive to its environment because ketoprak was born as an entertainment media instead of a ritual, that makes it easy for this art to change. When ketoprak entered the television medium, it made adjustments to the television‘s nature. Television is non neutral because it has economic, social and political interest coming with it. That made television ketoprak form developed along with its media interest. The adjustment proses between the nature of ketoprak and the nature of television brings the transformation of television ketoprak and created forms of ketoprak.

Kata Kunci : Televisi Indonesia,Program Ketoprak,Bentuk dan Produksi, Ketoprak, Ketoprak Televisi, Transformation