Pengaruh Frekuensi Penampungan Sperma terhadap Kuantitas, Kualitas Sperma dan Dosis terhadap Fertilitas Telur ayam Kampung

HULFAH, Ir. Ismaya M.Sc.,Ph.D

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh frekuensi penampungan sperma terhadap kuantitas, kualitas sperma dan dosis inseminasi buatan terhadap fertilitas telur ayam kampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan 9 ekor pejantan, umur 22–23 minggu dan pakan diberikan dua kali sehari secara ad libitum. Kandang yang digunakan adalah kandang batere yang dilengkapi tempat pakan dan minum. Penelitian ini diawali dengan penampungan sperma ayam jantan sebanyak 9 ekor yang di bagi dalam 3 kelompok. Kelompok I terdiri dari ayam A,B,C penampungan satu kali per minggu, kelompok II terdiri dari ayam D,E,F penampungan tiga kali per minggu, kelompok III terdiri dari ayam G,H,I penampungan lima kali per minggu. Penampungan sperma dilakukan dengan metode pengurutan pada dorso abdominal. Inseminasi buatan dilakukan pada 2 kelompok, kelompok I konsentrasi 100 juta/ml, kelompok II konsentrasi 500 juta/ml tiap kelompk terdiri dari 9 ekor ayam. Parameter yang diamati meliputi volume sperma (ml), pH sperma, motilitas spermatozoa (%), konsentrasi spermatozoa (109/ml), spermatzoa hidup (%), abnormalitas spermatozoa (%, dan morfologi spermatozoa (μm) yang meliputi lebar kepala, panjang kepala, panjang ekor spermatozoa dan persentase fertilitas telur. Data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan ANOVA (Analisys of Variances) menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Pola Searah (Completelly Randomized Design), dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT (Duncan,s New Multiple Range Test). Analisa data untuk parameter fertilitas telur dianalisis dengan T-Test. Hasil penelitian dengan rerata volume sperma 0,29±0,02 (ml), pH sperma 7,56±0,06, konsentrasi spermatozoa 4,27±0,19 (juta/ml) menunjukkan berbeda sangat nyata (P≤0.01), motilitas spermatozoa 79,72±0,46 (%), spermatozoa hidup 81,94±0,57 (%), abnormalitas spermatozoa 16,06±0,94 (%), lebar kepala spermatozoa 3,05±0,13 (μm), panjang kepala spermatozoa 21,87±0,42 (μm), panjang ekor spermatozoa 66,12±2,68 (μm) dan fertilitas telur dengan rerata 0,77 % pada konsentrasi 100 juta/ml, 0,81% pada konsentrasi 500 juta/ml menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan secara umum tidak mempengaruhi kuantitas, kualitas dan fertilitas telur.

This research was conducted to examine the effect of spermatozoa collection frequencies on the quantity and quality of spermatozoa and dosage artificial insemination on egg fertility of native chicken. This research was used 9 cockerels aged 22-23 weeks and fed twice a day ad libitum. The cages were battery cages completed with feeding and water equipment. The research was started with 9 cockerels chickens spermatozoa collection and divided into 3 groups. The first group consisted of A,B,C cockerels which had the spermatozoa collection once a week. The second group consisted of D, E, F cockerels which had the spermatozoa collection three times a week. The third group consisted of A,B,C cockerels which had the spermatozoa collection five times a week. Spermatozoa collection was done with massage method on dorso abdominalis. The artificial insemination was carried out on two groups, the first group was 100 million/ml concentration, the second group was 500 million/ml concentration, and each group consisted of 9 chickens. Variable analyzed were spermatozoa volume (ml), pH of spermatozoa, spermatozoa motility (%), spermatozoa concentration (109/ml), spermatozoa abnormality (%), spermatozoa abnormality and spermatozoa morphology (μm). Spermatozoa morphology consisted of head width, head length, tail length and egg fertility percentage. Data were analyzed with ANOVA (Analisys of Variances) by using Completely Randomized Design, and the mean differences were tested by using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. Egg fertility was analyzed with T- test. The results showed that there were highly significant differences for semen volume, 0,29±0,02 (ml), semen pH 7,56±0,06, and concentration spermatozoa 4,27±0,19 million/ml) (P≤0.01). There were no significant differences on spermatozoa motility 79,72±0,46 (%), alive spermatozoa 81,94±0,57 (%), abnormalitas spermatozoa 16,06±0,94 (%), the head width of spermatozoa 3,05±0,13 (μm) the lenght head spermatozoa 21,87±0,42 (μm), the tail length of spermatozoa 66,12±2,68 (μm) and fertility of egg 0,77 % on 100 million/ml concentration and 0,81 % on 500 million/ml no significant differences. It can be concluded that the treatments had no effect on the quantity, quality and fertility of egg.

Kata Kunci : Ayam kampung,Kuantitas dan Kualitas sperma, Native Chicken, Spermatozoa, Motility, Abnormality, Morphology and Fertility