Penampilan dan Status Faali Broiler Jantan - Betina yang Dipelihara pada Dua Tipe Kandang Berbeda

ERMAWATI, Yuni, Prof.Dr. Wihandoyo, MS., Ph.D

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan jenis kelamin dan tipe kandang terhadap status faali dan penampilan pertumbuhan ayam broiler. Materi yang digunakan meliputi 120 ekor DOC ayam broiler strain Lohmann, yang terdiri dari 60 ekor jantan dan 60 ekor betina. Ayam jantan dan betina masing-masing dibagi dalam 2 perlakuan (kandang tertutup dan terbuka) dan setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali setiap ulangan menggunakan 10 ekor ayam. Parameter yang diamati meliputi bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, konsumsi minum, konversi pakan, persentase karkas, persentase lemak perut frekwensi pernafasan, temperatur rektal dan profil darah,. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Pola Faktorial 2 x 2 dan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jantan-betina berpengaruh terhadap bobot badan (1833,425 g/ekor dan 1666,732 g/ekor), konsumsi pakan (93,783 g/ekor/hari dan 84,293 g/ekor/hari) (P<0,01) dan konsumsi minum (188,032 ml/ekor/hari dan 177,896 ml/ekor/hari) (P<0,05). Kandang terbuka meningkatkan frekwensi pernafasan fase starter (kandang terbuka 99,592 kali/menit dan kandang tertutup 80,166 kali/menit), temperatur rektal periode starter (41,186oC dan 40,56oC) , pH darah (7,322 dan 6,744) (P<0,01) dan temperatur rektal periode finisher (41,295oC dan 40,583oC)(P<0,05). Kandang tertutup meningkatkan bobot badan (1671,472 g/ekor dan 1828,685 g/ekor pada kandang terbuka dan kandang tertutup), perbandingan hetrofil/limfosit (0,711 dan 1,218) (P<0,01) dan konsumsi pakan (84,719 g/ekor/hari dan 90,118 g/ekor/hari) (P<0,05). Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan tipe kandang tertutup meningkatkan produktifitas ayam broiler.

The objective of this study were to evaluate performance and physiological status broiler male-female reared at opened and closed housing type. One hundred twenty day-old broiler chickens Lohman strain, consisted of 60 males and 60 females. Broiler male-female were randomly divided into two treatments (opened and closed housing) in tree replacement with 10 chicks each. The data calculated was body weight, feed consumption, water consumption, feed conversion, carcass percentage, abdominal fat percentage respiratory frequency, rectal temperature and blood profile. The data was analyzed by using analysed of variance at fallowed and tested by Duncan’s New Multiple-Range Test. The results indicated that sex had significant defferent on body weight (1833.425 g/bird and 1666.732 g/bird), feed consumption (93.783 g/bird/day and 84.293 g/bird/day) (P<0.01) and water consumption (188.032 ml/bird/day and 177.896 ml/bird/day) (P<0.05). Opened housing had significant increased on respiratory frequency (opened housing 99.592 per minute and closed housing 80.166 per minute) and rectal temperature at starter phase (41.186oC and 40.56oC), blood pH (7.322 and 6.744) (P<0.01) and rectal temperature had significant defferen at finisher phase (41.295oC and 40.583oC) ( (P<0.05). Closed housing increased body weight (1671.472 g/bird and 1828.685 g/bird of opened and closed housing), hetrofil/limfosit ratio (0.711 and 1.218) (P<0.01) and feed consumption (84.719 g/bird/day and 90.118 g/bird/day) (P<0.05) . It was concluded that using closed house type improved productivity of broilers.

Kata Kunci : Ayam Broiler,Pertumbuhan,Status faali, Broiler male-female, Performance, Physiological status, Housing type