Pendidikan agama berwawasan pluralis :: Analisa hubungan dan pengaruh pendidikan agama terhadap pandangan, sikap, dan perilaku para siswa Sekolah menengah Umum di Denpasar Bali

MAHUPALE, Jeny Elna, Prof.Dr. Irwan Abdullah

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Perbandingan Agama

Tesis ini memuat tema Pendidikan Agama dan Pluralisme dalam konteks komunitas sekolah-sekolah di Denpasar yang dikaji melalui pendekatan ilmu pendidikan dan agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan pertama, mendeskripsikan konteks dan model penyelenggaraan pendidikan agama, baik dalam konteks siswa yang homogen mupun heterogen. Kedua, mengetahui penyelenggaraan pendidikan agama yang berwawasan pluralis di sekolah-sekolah tersebut. Ketiga mengetahui hubungan dan pengaruh penyelenggaraan pendidikan agama yang berwawasan pluralis terhadap sikap, perilaku dan pandangan siswa yang menghargai pentingnya nilai-nilai plural. Penulis berasumsi bahwa masyarakat sekolah dalam melaksanakan proses pendidikan telah memiliki kesadaran tentang kontekstualisasi wacana pendidikan agama yang berwawasan pluralis. Penulis beranggapan bahwa kesadaran masyarakat sekolah tersebut sangat dipengaruhi oleh kontekstualisasi wacana multikultural yang berkembang di dalam masyarakat sosial. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dua cara: penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Penelitian pustaka dilakukan untuk menentukan kerangka teori dan untuk menganalisa data yang terkumpul. Penelitian lapangan ini dilakukan di sekolah-sekolah di Denpasar dengan fokus pada lima sekolah yaitu SMU Negeri 1 Denpasar (sekolah negeri), SMA Katholik Santo Yoseph (sekolah milik yayasan Katholik), SMU Dwijendra (sekolah dengan status disamakan dan berada di bawah naungan Yayasan Hindu), MAS Al-Ma’ruf (Madrasah swasta), SMU Taman Rama Mahatma Gandhi (sekolah swasta bertaraf internasional yang menganut prinsip dan ajaran Mahatma Gandhi). Penelitian lapangan pada kelima sekolah berguna untuk menyusuri proses penyelenggaraan pendidikan agama melalui interview, observasi, pengumpulan data kuesioner. Hasil penelitian dianalisa dengan mendeskripsikan penyelenggaraan pendidikan agama di setiap sekolah serta analisa pengaruh dan hubungan antara pendidikan agama terhadap sikap, perilaku dan pandangan siswa yang pluralis. Hasil analisa deskriptif memperlihatkan konteks sekolah yang multicultural, sedangkan hasil analisa pengaruh memperlihatkan bahwa penyelenggaraan kurikulum pendidikan agama tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap sikap dan perilaku siswa yang menghargai nilai-nilai pluralis disebabkan karena faktor rendahnya kualitas penyelenggaraan pendidikan agama. Hasil analisa hubungan dengan crosstab uji chi square memperlihatkan bahwa pendidikan agama memiliki hubungan yang cukup erat terhadap upaya peningkatan sikap, perilaku, dan pandangan pluralis para siswa.

This thesis explorer the theme of Religious Education and Pluralism in the context of school communities in Denpasar reviewed through approaches of religion and educational sciences. The present study aims at, first, to describe the school studied include both school with religiously homogeneous student body and religiously heterogeneous student bodies of religious education in some schools at Denpasar. Second, is to know whether the implementation of religious education support pluralism conceptions in those schools. Third, to know any relations and impacts of implementing religious education having pluralism conception to attitudes, behavior and views on students who value the importance of pluralistic values? The writer assumes that the school communities in executing the education processes have or support awareness on contextual of multicultural religious education. The writer considers that awareness of community on those schools influenced much by contextualization of multicultural discourse developing at social community. The investigation was done in two ways: bibliographical study and field study. The bibliographical study was done by determining a theoretical framework and analyzing data collected. Field study was done at schools in Denpasar with a focus on five schools those are the State Senior High School 1 Denpasar (state school), the Catholic Senior High School Saint Joseph (school owned by a Catholic foundation), the Senior High School Dwijendra (school with an equal status under a Hindu Foundation), the MAS Al-Ma’ruf (private Islamic school), and the Senior High School Taman Rama Mahatma Gandhi (an international-rate private school following principles and teaching of Mahatma Gandhi). The field study in these five schools is very useful in tracking processes of pluralism religious education implementations through interviews, observations, collecting of questionnaire data. Results of investigation analyzed by describing implementations of religious education at each school and analyzed for their impacts and relations between the religious education and pluralist attitudes, behavior and views on students. Results of descriptive analyses demonstrated the importance of implementing religious education having multicultural conception while results of impact analyses showed that implementation of religious education curriculum do not give any significant impacts toward pluralistic attitudes and behavior on students as a factor of low quality in implementing the religious education. From the relation analyses we can see results that cross-tab chi-square tests showed where religious education has close enough relations to efforts in improving pluralism attitudes, behavior and views of students.

Kata Kunci : pendidikan agama, pluralisme, sikap, perilaku dan pandangan siswa, religious education, pluralism, attitude, behave and view of student