Hubungan ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga dengan status gizi anak Balita di Kecamatan Gondomanan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
WARNIDA, Yunita, Abidillah Mursyid, SKM.,MS
2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Gizi dan Kesehatan)Latar Belakang : Pangan dan gizi merupakan unsur sangat penting dalam membentuk kualitas sumber daya manusia. Gizi seseorang sangat tergantung dari kondisi pangan yang dikonsumsinya. Pada tingkat rumah tangga status gizi anak balita dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan keluarga dalam menyediakan pangan yang cukup, baik kuantitas maupun kualitasnya. Pencapaian ketahanan pangan di tingkat rumah tangga dapat dilihat dari konsumsi energi dan protein. Di Kecamatan Gondomanan termasuk daerah rawan pangan berdasarkan skor kemiskinan yang menduduki tingkat teratas dan prevalensi Kurang Energi Protein Total (KEP Total) balita. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga dengan status gizi anak balita. Metode : Jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi adalah rumah tangga yang mempunyai anak balita di Kecamatan Gondomanan. Sampel adalah rumah tangga yang mempunyai anak balita berusia 6-60 bulan sebanyak 97 rumah tangga. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga, dan variabel terikat yaitu status gizi anak balita. Variabel pengganggu adalah pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ayah, pekerjaan ibu, pendapatan keluarga, jumlah keluarga dan jumlah balita. Data ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dikumpulkan dengan metode recall 24 jam selama 3 (tiga) hari tidak berturutturut dalam satu minggu untuk memperoleh konsumsi energi dan protein. Data status gizi anak balita diperoleh dengan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan/panjang badan kemudian dibandingkan dengan baku standar WHO-NCHS. Data dianalisis bivariat menggunakan uji Fisher’s Exact dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik. Hasil : Ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga berdasarkan konsumsi energi rumah tangga sebagian besar tahan pangan (53,6%), demikian juga berdasarkan konsumsi protein rumah tangga sebagian besar tahan pangan (72,2%), dan status gizi anak balita sebagian besar baik (91,8%). Kesimpulan : Hubungan antara ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga berdasarkan konsumsi energi dengan status gizi anak balita bermakna secara statistik, sedangkan hubungan ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga berdasarkan konsumsi protein dengan status gizi anak balita tidak bermakna secara statistik.
Background: Food and nutrition are fundamental elements in the development of human resources quality. Someone's nutrition status greatly depends on the food he/she consumes. At the household nutrition status of children under five is influenced by the family's capability in providing adequate foods both quantitatively and qualitatively. The achievement of food tenability in the household can be identified from energy and protein consumption. Subdistrict of Gondomanan belongs to inadequate food prone area according to poverty score which is the highest and has high prevalence of total protein energy deficiency among children under five. Objective: To identify the relationship between food tenability in the household and nutrition status of children under five. Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. The population consisted of households having children under five at Sub District of Gondomanan. There were as many as 97 households having children of 6 – 60 months as samples. The independent variable of the study was food tenability in the household and the dependent variable was nutrition status of children under five. Confounding variables were mother's and father's education, mother's and father's jobs, family income, number of family members and children under five. Data of food tenability in the family were obtained through recall 24 hour method for three days (not consecutively) within a week to measure energy and protein consumption. Data of children's nutrition status were obtained by measuring weight and height /length and comparing them with WHO-NCHS standard. Bivariable data analysis used Fisher's Exact Test and multivariable analysis used logistic regression test. Result: Food tenable in the household based on energy consumption mostly belonged to food tenable (53.6%) and based on protein consumption mostly also belonged to food tenable (72.2%). Nutrition status of children was mostly good (91.8%). Conclusion: The relationship between food tenability in the household based on energy consumption with children's nutrition status was statistically significant, whereas the relationship between food tenability in the household based on protein consumption with children's nutrition status was statistically insignificant.
Kata Kunci : Gizi Balita,Konsumsi Pangan,Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga
