Perbedaan pengetahuan tentang gizi seimbang karakteristik demografi, media promosi kesehatan, dan asupan makanan penderita tuberkulosis paru di RSUD Sidikalang Kabupaten Dairi Propinsi Sumatera Utara

NABABAN, Lauhanta, Dra. Yayi Suryo Prabandari, M.Si.,PhD

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Perilaku dan Promosi

Latar Belakang: Penderita tuberkulosis paru Propinsi Sumatera Utara triwulan IV 2003 BTA positif sebanyak 1.973 orang, laki-laki lebih banyak dari perempuan. Menurut data dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Dairi, penderita tuberkulosis paru BTA positif adalah 165 orang, dijumpai laki-laki lebih banyak dari perempuan. Banyak penyebab timbulnya penyakit tuberkulosis paru antara lain: rendahnya pengetahuan mengenai penyakit, kemiskinan, kurangnya pelayanan kesehatan, malnutrisi, penyakit kronis, kelelahan kronis. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan studi kasus kontrol, yang menilai hubungan paparan penyakit dengan cara menentukan kelompok orang berpenyakit yang disebut kasus dan kelompok orang tidak berpenyakit disebut kontrol. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 76 terdiri dari 38 orang kasus dan 38 orang kontrol, umur dan jenis kelaminnya dimatching. Hasil: Tidak ada perbedaan karakteristik demografi antara kelompok kasus dengan kelompok kontrol (p > 0,05), tidak ada perbedaan pengetahuan gizi seimbang antara kelompok kasus dengan kelompok kontrol (p > 0,05), tidak ada perbedaan status gizi antara kelompok kasus dengan kelompok kontrol (p > 0,05), tidak ada perbedaan asupan makanan antara kelompok kasus dengan kelompok kontrol (p > 0,05), ada perbedaan media promosi gizi seimbang yang diterima antara kelompok kasus dengan kelompok kontrol (p < 0,05), ada perbedaan media promosi tuberkulosis paru yang diterima antara kelompok kasus dengan kelompok kontrol (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Ada perbedaan media promosi gizi seimbang yang diterima antara kelompok kasus dengan kelompok kontrol, ada perbedaan media promosi tuberkulosis paru yang diterima antara kelompok kasus dengan kelompok kontrol.

Background: The number of lung tuberculosis patient in the North Sumatera Province at the fourth three monthly in 2003 who had positive BTA was 1,973 people, and men were more than women. According to the data from District Health Office of Dairi, lung tuberculosis patient with positive BTA was 165 people, and it was found that men were a lot more than women. There were many causes of the occurrence of lung tuberculosis disease such as lack of knowledge on disease, poverty, lack of health service, malnutrition, chronic disease, and chronic fatigue. Method: This was an observational research that used a case control design which assessed the relationship between disease exposure by determining a group of people who suffered from a disease which called case group, and a group of people without disease which called control group. The research subject was 76 people that consisted of 38 people in case group and 38 people in control group, with age and sex being matched. Result: There was no difference on demography characteristic between case group with control group (p>0,05), as well as no difference on knowledge of balance nutrition between case group with control group (p>0,05), and no difference on nutrition status between case group and control group (p>0,05). Indeed, there was no difference on food intake between case group with control group (p>0,05), there was a difference on the obtained health promotion media of balance nutrition between case group with control group (p<0,05), and there was a difference on the obtained health promotion media of lung tuberculosis between case group with control group (p<0,05). Conclusion: There was a difference on the obtained health promotion media of balance nutrition between case group and control group, and there was a difference on the obtained health promotion media of lung tuberculosis between case group and control group.

Kata Kunci : Tuberkulosis Paru,Gizi Seimbang dan Pola Makan,