Hubungan peran Bidan Desa di desa dengan cakupan pemberian Kapsul Vitamin A pada ibu nifas di Kabupaten Tapin Kalimantan Selatan

DEWI, Vonny Khresna, Prof.dr. M. Hakimi, SpOG(K).,PhD

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kes. Ibu dan Anak-Ke

Latar Belakang: Di Indonesia masalah kurang vitamin A (KVA) masih merupakan masalah gizi utama. Prevalensi KVA berdasarkan survey vitamin A 1992 antara lain pada xerophtalmia sebesar (0,33). Salah satu upaya mengatasi KVA adalah dengan pemberian kapsul vitamin A dosis tinggi. Salah satu pemberian kapsul vitamin A dosisi tinggi adalah pada ibu nifas. Pedoman Nasional merekomendasikan bahwa (100%) ibu nifas menerima satu kapsul vitamin A dosis tinggi, tetapi data dari Nutrition and Health surveillance System (NSS) menunjukkan dibeberapa Propinsi cakupannya hanya berkisar antara (15-25%). Pencapaian cakupan pemberian kapsul vitamin A ibu nifas di Kabupaten Tapin Kalimantan Selatan sampai bulan Nopember 2006 adalah (33,69). Tujuan Penelitian: mengetahui hubungan peran bidan di desa dengan cakupan pemberian kapsul vitamin A pada ibu nifas. Metode Penelitian: jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah bidan di desa di Kabupaten Tapin Kalimantan Selatan, berjumlah 62 orang. Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara peran bidan di desa dengan pencapaian pemberian kapsul vitamin A pada ibu nifas. Artinya peran bidan di desa yang baik akan meningkatkan resiko untuk tercapai cakupan pemberian kapsul vitamin A hampir lima kali lipat dibandingkan dengan peran bidan yang kurang. Ini dibuktikan dengan kemaknaan statistik uji chi-square (x²) dengan nilai RP 4,55 dan CI 95% 1,42-14,56 serta nilai p=0,003. Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara peran bidan di desa dengan pencapaian cakupan pemberian kapsul vitamin A ibu nifas, sehingga peran bidan merupakan salah satu hal yang perlu di jalankan lebih baik lagi untuk meningkatkan kesehatan ibu dan anak.

Background: Vitamin A deficiency remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia. Based on the survey on Vitamin A in 1992, the prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency, among others, of xerophthalmia is about 0.33. A high dose of Vitamin A supplementation for post partum mothers is considered as one solution of reducing Vitamin A deficiency. National guide recommends that 100% of post partum mothers receive one capsule of high dose of Vitamin A; however, data from Nutrition and Health surveillance System (NSS) shows that some provinces in Indonesia still have low coverage of Vitamin A supplementation, that is, only about 15- 25%. In fact, until November 2006 the coverage of Vitamin A supplementation in Tapin District, South Kalimantan, was 33.69. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between village midwifes’ role and the coverage of Vitamin A supplementation for post partum mothers. Methods: This was an observational study with cross sectional study design. Subjects were 62 village midwifes’ in Tapin District, South Kalimantan Province. Results: There was a significant relationship between village midwifes’ role and the achievement of Vitamin A supplementation for post partum mothers. This means that the good role of village midwifes would increase the achievement of Vitamin A supplementation coverage almost five times higher than the bad one. This was proven by chi-square statistical test with RP 4.55, CI 95% 1.42-14.56 and p=0,003. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between village midwifes’ role and the achievement of Vitamin A supplementation coverage for post partum mothers, so that midwifes’ role should better be scaled up to improve maternal and child health.

Kata Kunci : Bidan Desa,Cakupan Vitamin A,Ibu Nifas, Role, village midwifes, Vitamin A coverage, post partum mothers