Pengaruh kekuatan dan budaya tim terhadap kinerja Tim Program Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis (P2TB) Puskesmas di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

SYUKUR, Achmad, dr. Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, MA

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kebij. dan Manaj. Pe

Latar belakang: Program P2TB Paru menjadi salah satu program prioritas dinas kesehatan Provinsi DIY. Pelaksanaan program tahun 2004 beberapa indikator terdapat kesenjangan antara lain: CDR (-25,23%); Proporsi suspek yang diperiksa dengan perkiraan suspek (-42,40%). Penanggulangan TBParu dengan strategi DOTS dibutuhkan kerjasama semua pihak termasuk tim P2TB di puskesmas. Kekuatan tim dan budaya organisasi yang kondusif dapat mempengaruhi pelaksanaan program guna mencapai kinerja yang baik. Tujuan penelitian: untuk mengetahui pengaruh kekuatan tim dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja tim P2TB Puskesmas di Provinsi DIY, dan mengetahui peran budaya organisasi sebagai moderator pada pengaruh kekuatan tim terhadap kinerja tim P2TB Puskesmas di Provinsi DIY. Metode dan rancangan penelitian: adalah non eksperimen yaitu analitik cross-sectional dengan rancangan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah tim P2TB Puskesmas di Provinsi DIY sebanyak 117 Tim, sedangkan subyek penelitian 91 tim masing masing terdiri dari lima orang anggota. Variabel pengaruh yaitu kekuatan tim dan budaya kerja tim P2TB Puskesmas serta variabel terpengaruh yaitu kinerja tim P2TB Puskesmas. Pengumpulan data kuantitatif menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengetahui tingkat kekuatan tim serta persepsi budaya kerja tim dengan skala likert. Pengumpulan data kualitatif dengan daftar pertanyaan bagi kepala puskesmas dan wawancara dengan wakil supervisor (Wasor) dinas kesehatan kabupaten kota serta daftar tilik hasil cakupan program P2TB Paru puskesmas tahun 2005. Hasil penelitian: Kekuatan tim P2TB puskesmas di Provinsi DIY sebagian besar 34 (50%) Tim mempunyai rating sedang, 26 (38,2%) rating kuat, bahkan 8 (11,8%) Tim kekuatannya masih lemah. Hasil uji analisis ada perbedaan kekuatan tim antar kabupaten kota, yang paling kuat adalah kota Yogyakarta. terdapat perbedaan Kinerja Tim yang signifikan, dimana Kota Yogyakarta memiliki Kinerja Tim yang paling tinggi. Kekuatan tim dan budaya organisasi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja tim P2TB Puskesmas. Kesimpulan: Kekuatan tim berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja tim P2TB. Budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja tim P2TB; Budaya organisasi memoderasi positif pengaruh kekuatan tim terhadap kinerja tim P2TB.

Background: Lung tuberculosis prevention program is one of priority programs of the health office of Yogyakarta Special Territory. The implementation of the program in 2004 indicates that there are gaps, i.e. case detection rate is -25.23% and the proportion of suspect examined is -42.40%. Lung tuberculosis prevention using directly observed treatment short course strategy requires cooperation of all parties including team of tuberculosis prevention program at the health center. Team's strength and conducive organizational culture may enable the program implementation to achieve good performance. Objective: To identify the effect of team's strength and organizational culture to the performance of tuberculosis prevention program team of the health center at the Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory and identify the role of organizational culture as moderator of team's effect to the performance of tuberculosis prevention program team of the community health center at the Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory. Method: The study was non experimental with cross sectional design, using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Population of the study were teams of tuberculosis prevention program of the community health center at the Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory (117 teams), whereas the subject were as many as 91 teams each consisted of 5 people. The independent variable were team's strength and working culture of tuberculosis prevention program team of the community health center and the dependent variable was the performance of tuberculosis prevention program team of the health office. Quantitative data were obtained through questionnaires to identify team's strength and perception about team working culture using Likert scale. Qualitative data were obtained through list of questions directed to heads of the community health center and interview with vice supervisor of the health office at district/municipality level as well as checking list of coverage result of lung tuberculosis prevention program of the health center 2005. Result: Strength of tuberculosis prevention program team of the community health center at the Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory mostly (34) or 50% belonged to medium category; 26(38.2%) belonged to strong category and 8(11.8%) belonged to weak category. The result of statistical test showed that there was difference in team's strength across districts/municipality of which the strongest was Yogyakarta Municipality. There was significant difference in team's performance and Yogyakarta Municipality had highest team performance. Team's strength and organizational culture affected the performance of tuberculosis prevention program team of the community health center. Conclusion: Team's strength had positive and significant effect to the performance of tuberculosis prevention program team. Organizational culture had positive and significant effect to the performance of tuberculosis prevention program team. Organizational culture positively moderated the effect of team's strength to the performance of tuberculosis prevention program team.

Kata Kunci : Layanan Kesehatan,Program Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis,Kinerja Tim, team's strength, organizational culture, performance, tuberculosis prevention team