Kemampuan buah tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) dibanding komninasi vitamin C Bioflavonoid sebagai antioksidan :: Kajian pada fragilitas eritrosit setelah latihan aerobik High Impact

ARIFIN, Zaenal, Prof.Dr.dr. Sri Rahajoe Asj'ari

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Dasar dan Biomedis

Latar Belakang. Salah satu hasil stres oksidatif adalah kerusakan eritrosit. Vitamin C dan bioflavonoid serta likopen adalah antioksidan untuk melawan peroksidasi membran fosfolipid yang disebabkan oleh stres oksidatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan buah tomat dibanding kombinasi vitamin C bioflavonoid dalam menghambat kenaikan fragilitas eritrosit pada latihan aerobik tipe high impact. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan eksperimen sama subjek. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa di asrama akademi kebidanan. Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan 6 kali yaitu sebelum dan sesudah latihan pertama, sebelum dan setelah latihan kedua (diberi kombinasi vitamin C bioflavonoid 320 mg selama 1 minggu), sebelum dan setelah latihan ketiga (diberi jus buah tomat selama 1 minggu).Fragilitas eritrosit diukur dengan metode kolorimetri. Hasil. Rerata kadar MDA sebelum latihan pertama 6,66 ± 1,06 μmol/L, setelah latihan pertama 11,68 ± 0,89 μmol/L, setelah latihan kedua 6,41± 1,14 μmol/L, setelah latihan ketiga 6,35 ± 1,10 μmol/L. Rerata fragilitas eritrosit sebelum latihan pertama 0,73% ± 0,12%, sesudah latihan pertama 0,87% ± 0,09%, setelah latihan kedua 0,57±0,13, setelah latihan ketiga 0,60%±0,14%. Hasil Analisis statistik (paired t-test dan Anova) menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna dalam menghambat kenaikan fragilitas eritrosit plasma sebelum dan setelah latihan pertama, setelah latihan kedua serta setelah latihan ketiga (p<0,05). Buah tomat dan kombinasi vitamin C bioflavonoid tidak berbeda bermakna dalam menghambat kenaikan fragilitas eritrosit setelah latihan (p>0,05). Kombinasi vitamin C bioflavonoid mencegah terbentuknya reaksi berantai radikal bebas pada tahap propagasi sedangkan likopen buah tomat pada tahap inisiasi. Kesimpulan. Buah tomat 100 gr setara dengan kombinasi vitamin C bioflavonoid 320 mg dalam menghambat kenaikan fragilitas eritrosit setelah latihan aerobik tipe high impact.

Background. One of the result oxidative stress is erythrocyte damages. Vitamin C, bioflavonoid and lycopene are antioxidant to attack phospolipid membrane peroxidation due to oxidative stress. The present research aimed to identify the efficacy of tomatoes compared to bioflavonoid- combined vitamin C to inhibit the increasing of erythrocyte fragility during high impact aerobic exercises. Method. The present research exploited similar subject experimental design. Subjects are students boarding in the midwifery academy. Blood samples were withdrawn 6 (six) times, i.e. before, after first exercise, before, after second exercise (prior one-week intake of bioflavonoid-combined vitamin C 320 mg), before, after third exercise (prior oneweek intake juice of tomatoes). The erythrocyte fragility were measured colorimetricly. Results. The average level of plasma MDA before first exercise was 6.66 ± 1.06 μmol/L, after first exercise was 11.68 ± 0.89 μmol/L, after second exercise was 6.41± 1.14 μmol /L, after third exercise was 6.35 ±1.10 μmol /L. The average percentage of erythrocyte fragility before first exercise was 0.73% ± 0.12%, after first exercise was 0.87% ± 0.09%, after second exercise was 0.57±0.13, after third exercise was 0.60%±0.14%. Results of statistical analysis (paired t-test and ANOVA) indicated significant difference to inhibit the increasing of erythrocyte fragility before and after first exercise, after second exercise and third exercise (p<0.05).The tomatoes and bioflavonoid-combined vitamin C was not significantly different to inhibit the increasing of erythrocyte fragility after exercise (p>0.05). Bioflavonoid-combined vitamin C inhibited the production of free radical chain reaction during propagation stage and of tomato lycopene during initiation stage. Conclus ion. The tomatoes 100 gr equivalent with bioflavonoid-combined vitamin C 320 mg to inhibit the increasing of erythrocyte fragility after high impact aerobic exercise.

Kata Kunci : Fragilitas Eritrosit,Buah Tomat,Aerobik High Impact, vitamin C, bioflavonoid, tomatoes, high impact aerobic exercise, erythrocyte fragility