Perlindungan saksi dalam peradilan kasus pelanggaran HAM berat di Timor Timur

PUTRI, Ria Wierma, Prof.Dr. F. Soegeng Istanto SH

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hukum

Penelitian yang diberi judul perlindungan saksi terhadap putusan peradilan pelanggaran HAM berat di Timor-Timur adalah merupakan penelitian hukum berupa penelitian tentang penerapan prinsip hukum dan dogma hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menilai pelaksanaan perlindungan saksi dalam peradilan kasus pelanggaran HAM berat di Timor- Timur yang diukur dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku dan selanjutnya mencari penyempurnaan pemberlakuan perlindungan saksi di Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan, yaitu dengan mengkaji dokumen, buku, tulisan-tulisan dan lain-lain untuk mendapatkan datadata yang relevan dengan variable penelitian baik berupa das solen maupun das sein. Data yang telah dikumpulkan selanjutnya dianalisa dengan menggunakan pendukatan kualitatif, yakni dengan cara mengumpulkan dan mengelompokan data, mensistimatisir data tersebut dalam pembahasan dan selajutnya dijelaskan, kemudian data dinilai berdasarkan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku serta kenyataan dalam kehidupan masyarakat, selanjutnya menetapkan ketentuan hukum yang seharusnya berlaku dalam perlidnungan saksi. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan hukum nasional dan internasional, serta yurisprudensi internasional menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan saksi adalah mutlak dilakukan dalam penyelenggaran peradilan di Indonesia, khususnya dalam peradilan HAM berat. Dalam proses peradilan kasus pelanggaran HAM berat yang diadili di Jakarta Pusat menunjukan bahwa penyelanggaran peradilan dengan terdakwa Abilio Soares, Herman Sedyono dan Timbul Silaen tidak dibarengi dengan tindakan perlindungan terhadap para saksi yang disyaratkan oleh hukum dalam sistem peradilan, khususnya perlindungan terhadap saksi korban. Saksi korban mendapat ancaman dan intimidasi diluar maupun didalam ruang penyelenggaran sidang, mendapatkan intimidasi secara psikologis sepanjang peradilan berjalan di pengadilan serta tidak mendapatkan penerjemah. Akibat dari tidak adanya perlindungan saksi tersebut menyebabkan banyaknya saksi korban mengundurkan diri sebagai saksi peradilan HAM Ad Hoc, kualitas putusan Pengadilan HAM Ad Hoc dipertanyakan keadilannya. Dengan demikian perlindungan saksi dalam peradilan HAM Ad Hoc belum dilakukan sepenuhnya berdasarkan peraturan hukum yang ada baik aturan hukum nasional, internasional maupun berdasarkan yurisprudensi internasional.

This research, which is concerned with the protection of witnesses from the decisions of the court for the serious violations of human rights in East Timor constitutes legal research concerning the explanation of legal and legally dogmatic principles. This research aims to describe and examine the implementation of the protection of witnesses in the court cases of serious human rights violations in East-Timor which will be measured with the valid laws and also seeks to find an acceptable solution to the protection of witnesses in Indonesia. This research was conducted using a literature study including analyzing documents, books, writings and other materials in order to obtain relevant data with good research variables both in terms of das solen and also das sein. The data which was collected was then analyzed using close qualitative methodology, that is through collecting and ordering the data, systemizing the data for the discussion and explanation, and then examining the data based on valid laws and also in terms of the real situation of society, furthermore maintaining the valid laws which need to be in place for the protection of witnesses. The results of this research are based on national and international law, as well as international jurisprudence which states that the protection of witnesses is of absolute importance in the court cases in Indonesia, especially in the serious human rights violations court. Throughout the processes of the court cases for serious human rights violations which were heard in Central Jakarta it was shown that the court, in relation to the accused Abilio Soares, Herman Sedyono and Timbul Silaen, did not follow the protection system towards witnesses which is required by law in the court system, especially the protection of witnesses who are victims. Victim witnesses received threats and intimidation from outside and also from within the sessions of the serious violations to human rights mentioned above, were psychologically intimidated throughout the process of the court cases and also not granted to have a translator. Some results of the lack of protection for witnesses include that many victim witnesses remove themselves from the process of being a witness in the human rights court Ad Hoc; and the quality of the decisions from the Human Rights Court Ad Hoc are questioned in terms of the justice applied. Thus, it is clear that the protection of witnesses in the Human Rights Court Ad Hoc is not yet conducted in the manner in which it should be according to the national and international valid laws and also international jurisprudence.

Kata Kunci : Pengadilan HAM,Perlindungan Saksi,Human Rights Court, Protection of Witnesses, Decisions of the Human Rights Court Ad Hoc East Timor