Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan di Provinsi Lampung, 2000-2005

KIFLI, Sofia, Dr. Lincolin Arsyad, M.Sc

2007 | Tesis | Magister Ekonomika Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan per kapita, tingkat pengangguran, angka melek huruf , angka keluhan kesehatan, rasio belanja publik, dan rasio investasi terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Lampung selama 2000-2005. Fokus masalah yang diangkat adalah Pembangunan ekonomi dan sosial di Provinsi Lampung belum mampu menurunkan jumlah penduduk yang hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan. Variabel yang digunakan meliputi pendapatan per kapita, tingkat pengangguran, angka melek huruf , angka keluhan kesehatan, rasio belanja publik, dan rasio investasi, dengan data sekunder yang meliputi seluruh kabupaten/kota berjumlah 50 unit observasi. Alat analisis yang digunakan merupakan gabungan analisis deskriptif dan regresi data panel yang menggunakan regresi OLS, Variabel Boneka, dan GLS. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial pendapatan per kapita,angka melek huruf , dan rasio belanja publik berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan, sedangkan tingkat pengangguran,dan angka keluhan kesehatan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan, sementara rasio investasi berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan, serta pembangunan ekonomi dan sosial berpengaruh signifikan dalam menjelaskan variasi tingkat kemiskinan.

This research was purposed to analyze the influence of income per capita, the level of unemployment, literacy rate, the level of sick, public’s expense ratio, and investment ratio toward the level of poverty in The Province of Lampung during 2000 -2005. The focus of the problem which was pointed was the development of economy and social in Province of Lampung not yet afford to decrease the quantity of people who living under poverty line. The variables were used to consist of income pr capita, the level of unemployment, literacy rate, the level of sick, public’s expense ratio, and investment ratio in all regions/cities with 50 units of observation by using secondary data. The instrument of analysis was the combination between descriptive analysis and panel data regression by using OLS regression, dummy variables, and GLS. The result showed that Partially, income per capita, literacy rate and public’s expenses ratio were negatively and significantly influenced, whereas the level of unemployment and the level of sick was positively and significantly influenced, and investment ratio positively and not significantly influenced, and the development of economy and social, significantly influenced in explaining the variation of the level of poverty.

Kata Kunci : Kemiskinan,Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, poverty, economic development, and social development