Pengaruh aktivitas Illegal Logging terhadap kerusakan fisik hutan di SUngai Waili, Kecamatan Air Buaya, Kabupaten Buru, Provinsi Maluku

POLANUNU, Janwar Rizki, Dr. Hartono, DEA.,DESS

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan (Magister Pengelolaan Lingkunga

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk: 1. Mengkaji kerusakan hutan di kawasan Sungai Waili, Kecamatan Air Buaya. 2. Mengkaji penebangan liar semakin marak di lokasi penelitian Sungai Waili, Kecamatan Air Buaya. 3. Mengkaji kinerja aparat pemerintah, legislatif dan aparat penegak hukum dalam mengantisipasi kerusakan hutan akibat penebangan liar di Kecamatan Air Buaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitan survei. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan langsung di lapangan dengan membuat dokumentasi bentuk kerusakan hutan, pengukuran lapangan dengan metode kuadrat sampling, kuesioner dan wawancara dengan masyarakat, wartawan dan DPRD. Data sekunder diperoleh dengan cara melakukan kajian institusional. Hasil penelitian pengukuran kerusakan hutan di Sungai Waili Kecamatan Air Buaya dengan menggunakan metode kuadrat sampling menunjukan bahwa dari populasi 300 ha dengan sampel luas hutan sebesar 30 ha yang telah dirambah, kayu yang masih tersisa dalam kawasan tersebut sebanyak 2419 pohon atau sebanyak 81 pohon/ha. Yang terdiri dari jenis Meranti 1877 atau sebanyak 63 pohon/ha, jenis Pinus 455 pohon atau sebanyak 15 pohon/ha, jenis Uhun 87 pohon atau sebanyak 3 pohon/ha. Berdasarkan kriteria kerusakan hutan alam menurut Sagala (2002), hutan dikatakan rusak jika kerapatan kayu (< 300 pohon/ha). Sehingga dapat dikatakan dari total luas kerapatan pohon di lokasi penelitian menunjukan bahwa telah terjadi kerusakan hutan lindung di Sungai Waili yang dapat mengakibatkan dampak besar dan penting (rusak besar) terhadap lingkungan sekitar seperti terjadinya kerusakan jembatan, jalan raya, dan lahan perkebunan masyarakat. Modus operandi penebangan liar di Sungai Waili, Kecamatan Air Buaya adalah dilakukan antara pemegang Ijin Penebangan Kayu (IPK) dengan pihak masyarakat adat di Desa Air Buaya. Modusnya adalah masyarakat pemilik lahan hutan menjual hutan adatnya (kayu) ke pihak perusahan (IPK). Kerusakan hutan yang diakibatkan oleh penebangan liar tersebut, bisa terjadi disebabkan oleh lemahnya pengawasan dan kontrol dari pemerintah, DPRD dan Aparat Penegak Hukum.

This study was aimed to: 1. Evaluating deforestation occurred at the forest area of Sungai Waili; 2. Evaluating the reasons of increasing illegal logging at the study location of Sungai Waili, Air Buaya sub district; 3. Evaluating the actions taken by the government officials, legislatives members, and the law enforcement officials in anticipating the deforestation caused by the illegal logging in Air Buaya Air Buaya sub district. This study used a survey method. The collected data consisted of primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained from the results of direct observations in the field by documenting the types of forest destruction, carry out measurements in the field using sampling square method, questionnaires, and interviews with the local people, journalists, and local assembly members. The secondary data were obtained from the review of relevant literatures. The results of study in the measurement of forest destruction at the study location, using the sampling square method, indicated that from the forest population of 300 ha with the sample of 30 ha that had been deforested, the remaining trees within the area were 2,419 or 81 trees/ha. They consisted of Meranti 1,877 or 63 trees/ha, pines 455 trees or 15 trees/ha, Uhun 87 trees or 3 trees/ha. Based on the criteria of natural forest destruction as suggested by Sagala (2002), a forest is considered as damaged if the density of trees is less than 300 trees/ha. Therefore, it can be concluded that, from the density of trees in the study location, the destruction of conservation forests had been occurred at the area of Sungai Waili causing enormous and significant impacts on the surrounding environments such as damages on the bridges, the roads, and the farm lands of the people. Modus operandi of the illegal logging in the area was made between the Holder of Logging Concession (HLC) and the traditional society in Air Buaya village. The mode was that the society who owned the forest land sold the forest (trees) to the companies (HLC).The destruction of forest from the illegal logging could happen due to weak surveillance and control by the government, local assembly, and law enforcement officials.

Kata Kunci : Kerusakan Lingkungan,Hutan,Illegal Logging, deforestation, illegal logging, Sungai Waili