Efek pemberian obat cacing, suplementasi sirup besi dan vitamin C terhadap perubahan kadar Haemoglobin dan status gizi anak balita gizi buruk di Kota Kupang NTT

ROMLAH, Siti, Prof.dr. Hamam Hadi, MS.,Sc.D

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Gizi dan Kesehatan)

Latar Belakang : Prevalensi kecacingan pada balita gizi buruk sebagai penyebab anemia di Provinsi NTT masih tinggi. Upaya menurunkan infeksi kecacingan dan anemia serta meningkatkan status gizi pada balita gizi buruk yang mendapat PMT-P antara lain adalah dengan pemberian obat cacing dan suplementasi sirup Fe + vitamin C . Tujuan Penelitian : mengetahui pengaruh pemberian obat cacing, suplemen sirup besi dan vitamin C , terhadap peningkatan kadar Hb dan status gizi balita gizi buruk penerima PMT-P Metode Penelitian : Eksperimental dengan rancangan faktorial. Sasaran penelitian adalah balita gizi buruk usia 1–3 tahun di Kota Kupang. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 128 anak dibagi dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan . Perlakuan obat cacing pyrantel pamoat 125 mg (n=32), Sirup Fe + Vitamin C (n=32), Obat cacing, Sirup Fe+Vitamin C (n=32) dan placebo (n=32). Pengukuran kadar Hemoglobin dengan ”HemoCue”, infeksi cacing diperiksa melalui tinja subyek untuk melihat adanya telur cacing. Secara statistik digunakan uji T-test untuk mengetahui hubungan sebelum dan sesudah suplementasi dan uji ANOVA untuk melihat perbedaan efek suplementasi antar kelompok. Hasil Penelitian : Setelah 3 bulan, pemberian obat cacing sebelum intervensi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap status infeksi kecacingan pada kelompok obat cacing dan kelompok obat cacing, sirup Fe + vitamin C. Peningkatan kadar hemoglobin antar kelompok yang tertinggi adalah pada kelompok obat cacing, sirup Fe dan vitamin C dengan rata-rata kenaikan sebesar 1.2 gr/dl. Rata-rata kenaikan berat badan antar kelompok sebesar 0.3 kg. Peningkatan nilai z score berpengaruh signifikan terhadap indek BB/U dan BB/TB. Kesimpulan : Peningkatkan kadar Hemoglobin berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan peningkatan status gizi antar kelompok suplementasi

Background: The prevalence of having intestinal worms among malnourished children under five as the cause of anemia at the Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur is still relatively high. Efforts to minimize intestinal worm infection and anemia and to increase nutrition status of malnourished children under five who get recovery complementary foods are made through supply of intestinal worm drugs, Fe syrup and vitamin C. Objective: To identify the effect of the supply of intestinal worm drugs, Fe syrup and vitamin C to the increase of haemoglobin (Hb) level and nutrition status of malnourished children under five who got recovery complementary foods. Methods: This was an experimental study with factorial design. Subject of the study were malnourished children under five of 1 – 3 years of age at Kupang Municipality. There were as many as 128 samples divided into 4 experiment groups. The group got pyrantel pamoat intestinal worm drugs 125 mg (n=32), Fe syrup + vitamin C (n=32) and placebo (n=32). Hb level was measured using “Hemocue-B Hemoglobin photometer”, intestinal worm infection was observed through facces of the subject to identify the presence of worm eggs. Statistical analysis used t-test to identify the relationship before and after the supply and ANOVA to find out the difference in the effect of the supply among the groups. Result: After 3 months, the supply of the intestinal worm drugs before intervention had significant effect to intestinal worm infection status among the group with intestinal worm drugs and the group with intestinal worm drugs, Fe syrup + vitamin C. The highest increase of Hb level was found in the group with intestinal worm drugs, Fe syrup + Vitamin C with average increase as much as 1.2gr/dl. Average increase of weight among the groups was 0.3 kg. Increase of z score significantly affected index of weight/age and weight/height.

Kata Kunci : Status Gizi,Balita Gizi Buruk,Suplementasi Sirup Besi, Vitamin C dan Obat Cacing,Kadar Hb,The increase of Hb level significantly affected changes of nutrition status increase among the experiment groups