Pengaruh sistem kerja on call terhadap kelelahan kerja pada karyawan RSUD Tanah Grogot Kabupaten Pasir Prpinsi Kaltim

SUYATNO, dr. Endang Suparniati, M.Kes

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Kerja (Kesehatan Kerja)

Jam kerja yang panjang merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab kelelahan kerja. Sistem Kerja On Call di Rumah Sakit merupakan salah satu sistem kerja dengan jam kerja yang panjang. Pada sistem ini pukul 07.30 s.d. 14.00 karyawan bekerja sebagaimana karyawan yang bekerja dengan jam kerja normal lainnya. Disamping jam kerja tersebut mereka mendapat tambahan jam kerja On Call mulai pukul 14.00 s.d 07.30. Selama jam kerja On Call karyawan tidak harus stand by di RS tetapi bila ada pasien yang dilayani mereka harus datang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji pengaruh Sistem Kerja On Call Terhadap Kelelahan Kerja Pada Karyawan RSUD Tanah Grogot Kabupaten Pasir Propinsi Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Eksperimen Kuasi dengan after only with control group design. Subyek penelitian adalah seluruh karyawan RSUD Tanah Grogot yang bekerja dengan sistem On Call 1 (kelompok kasus) sebanyak 17 orang, On Call 2 (kelompok kasus) sebanyak 17 orang dan Non On Call (kelompok kontrol) sebanyak 17 orang. Tingkat kelelahan kerja diukur dengan Kuesioner Alat Ukur Perasaan Kelelahan Kerja (KAUPK2). Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan komputer program SPS-versi 2005, meliputi : Uji Keandalan dan Kesahihan Data, Analisis Deskriptif, Uji Asumsi (Uji Normalitas Sebaran, Uji Linieritas Hubungan, dan Uji Homogenitas Varians), dan Uji Hipotesis (Uji Anakova) dengan kaidah p < 0,010 = sangat signifikan, p < 0,050 = signifikan, dan p > 0,050 = nirsignifikan. Hasil Uji Keandalan dan Kesahihan Butir menunjukkan bahwa data yang diuji seluruhnya sahih dan andal. Hasil Uji asumsi menunjukkan data yang diuji memiliki sebaran normal, hubungan linier, dan varians homogen. Hasil uji Anakova didapatkan rerata Tingkat Kelelahan Kerja On Call 1 sebesar 34,59, On Call 2 sebesar 30,96, dan Non On Call sebesar 27,84. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan Tingkat Kelelahan Kerja yang sangat signifikan antara kelompok On Call 1 dan On Call 2 (p = 0,009), terdapat perbedaan Tingkat Kelelahan Kerja yang sangat signifikan antara kelompok karyawan On Call 1 dan Non On Call (p = 0,000), dan terdapat perbedaan Tingkat Kelelahan Kerja yang signifikan antara kelompok karyawan On Call 2 dan Non On Call. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ada pengaruh Sistem Kerja On Call terhadap Tingkat Kelelahan Kerja yang dialami oleh karyawan RSUD Tanah Grogot. Karyawan dengan Sistem Kerja On Call 1 memiliki Tingkat Kelelahan Kerja yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan karyawan On Call 2 dan Non On Call. Karyawan dengan sistem kerja On Call 2 memiliki Tingkat Kelelahan Kerja yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan karyawan Non On Call.

The long working hours is one of the causing factors of work fatigue. On call working system in the hospital is one of the working systems with long working hours. In this system, the staff is working from 7.30 AM to 2 PM which is the same as those who are working in normal working hours. However, besides these hours, they are also obtained extra working hours On Call starting from 2 PM to 7.30 AM in the next morning. During On Call working hours, the staff should not stand by in the hospital but they should come to the hospital whenever there is any patients need to be served. The objective of this research was to find out and examine the influence of On Call working system toward work fatigue in the staff of RSUD Tanah Grogot, Pasir district, East Kalimantan province. This research used quasi experimental design with one-way simple randomizied design. The research subjects were all staff of RSUD Tanah Grogot who worked with system of On Call 1 (treatment group) that consisted of 17 people, On Call 2 (treatment group) that consisted of 17 people and Non On Call (control group) that consisted of 17 people. The level of work fatigue was measured with questioner of work fatigue feeling instrument (KAUPK2). Data analysis was processed with SPS-version 2005, that consist of reliability test and validity test, descriptive analysis, assumption test (distribution normality test, correlation linearity test and variance homogeneity test), and hypothesis test (Anakova test) with p < 0,010 = very significant, p < 0,050 and p > 0,050 = not significant. The result of reliability and validity test showed that the examined data was reliable and valid. The result of assumption test showed that the tested data had normal distribution, linear correlation and homogeneous variance. The result of anova test showed that there was a very significant different of job fatigue between On Call 1 and On Call 2 groups (p = 0,009), there was a very significant different between group of staff On Call 1 and Non On Call (p=0,000) and there was a significant different of work fatigue between group of staff On Call 2 and Non On Call. The conclusion of the research was that there was an influence of On Call working system toward work fatigue that was experienced by staff of RSUD Tanah Grogot. Staff with working system of On Call 1 had higher work fatigue compared with staff of On Call 2 and Non On Call. Staff with working system of On Call 2 had higher work fatigue than staff of Non On Call.

Kata Kunci : Kesehatan Kerja, Kelelahan, Sistem Kerja On Call, On Call, work fatigue