Analisis peranan kelembagaan terhadap kinerja Lembaga Ekonomi dengan pendekatan Structural Equation Modeling :: Studi kasus Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Mentari di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara 2006

MARJANI, Akhmad Makhfatih, Ph.D

2007 | Tesis | Magister Ekonomika Pembangunan

Penelitian ini membahas analisis peranan kelembagaan terhadap kinerja lembaga ekonomi, yaitu kinerja keuangan dan daya saing berkelanjutan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Mentari dengan pendekatan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Ada 4 (empat) varibel indikator institusional yang digunakan, yaitu: (1) insentif; (2) jaminan terhadap property rights; (3) kepastian aturan hukum; dan (4) biaya transaksi; indikator variabel kinerja keuangan meliputi (1) rasio likuiditas; (2) rasio solvabilitas; (3) rasio rentabilitas; dan (4) rasio profitabilitas yang terdiri dari return on investment (ROI) dan return on equity (ROE), serta variabel indikator daya saing berkelanjutan koperasi, yaitu (1) modal; (2) kepercayaan; (3) inovasi; dan (4) profesionalisme. Sejauh mana variabel tersebut bekerja pada kinerja keuangan organisasi diukur dengan koefisien regresi dan koefisien korelasi, semakin tinggi koefisien regresi dan koefisien korelasi, semakin besar pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja keuangan dan daya saing berkelanjutan koperasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek insentif memiliki pengaruh terkuat terhadap peranan kelembagaan, kinerja keuangan dan daya saing berkelanjutan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Mentari. Korelasi antara peranan kelembagaan, kinerja keuangan, dan daya saing berkelanjutan bersifat positif dengan korelasi paling kuat terjadi antara peranan kelembagaan dengan kinerja keuangan. Persepsi anggota tentang peranan kelembagaan belum memberikan pengaruh secara nyata dalam peningkatan kinerja keuangan dan daya saing berkelanjutan. Hal ini terjadi karena masih kurangnya kesadaran akan arti penting aspek-aspek institusional dalam meningkatkan kinerja keuangan dan daya saing berkelanjutan institusi, terbukti terjadi penurunan kinerja keuangan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Mentari pada tahun 2006. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai panduan awal bagi peningkatan kinerja keuangan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Mentari atau koperasi sejenis lainnya untuk meningkatkan peranan koperasi dalam pembangunan ekonomi.

This research discusses institutional role analysis toward economic institute performance, i.e. financial performance and sustaineble competitiveness of the Saving and Loan Mentari Cooperative with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. There were 4 (four) institutional indicator variable used, i.e (1) incentive; (2) the security of property rights; (3) the rule of law certainty; and (4) the transaction costs; while financial performance indicator variable of Saving and Loan Mentari Cooperative, there were (1) likuiditas ratio; (2) solvency ratio; (3) rentability ratio; and (4) profitability ratio which consist of return on investment (ROI) and return on equity (ROE), and also variable of indicator of sustaineble competitiveness to cooperative, that is (1) capital; (2) belief; (3) innovation; and (4) professionalism. How far the variable put hand to financial performance of organization can be measured through their regression and correlations coefficient, The higher regression and correlations coefficient, the higher were their effect on the financial performance and sustaineble competitiveness of cooperative. The result showed that incentive aspect own the strong influence to institute role, financial performance and sustaineble competitiveness of Saving and Loan Mentari Cooperative. Correlation between institutional role, finance performance, and sustaineble competitiveness the character of positive with the strongest correlation happened between institute role with the financial performance. The perception institutional role that worked of organizations had not given the real effect on the financial performance and sustaineble competitiveness. The reason of that condition was the lack of understanding on the importance of institutional aspects in increasing the financial performance and sustaineble competitiveness of organizations, proven happened the degradation of financial performance of Saving and Loan Mentari Cooperative in the year 2006. It is hoped that the research could be a preliminary guide for increasing the financial performance of Saving and Loan Mentari cooperative or other cooperative of a kind to increase cooperative role in economic development.

Kata Kunci : Kinerja Keuangan,Peran Kelembagaan,Structural Equation Modeling, institutional role, financial performance, sustaineble competitiveness, and structural equation modeling