Analisis finansial dan bagian pendapatan plasma ayam broiler pola kemitraan di Sleman, Yogyakarta

SUGIARTI, Dr.Ir. Rini Widiati, MS

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kelayakan finansial dan bagian pendapatan usaha ayam broiler pola kemitraan di Kabupaten Sleman. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2006. Materi penelitian adalah peternak ayam broiler dari tiga perusahaan inti yang berlokasi di Sleman. Responden peternak plasma diambil secara proporsional random sampling dari masingmasing perusahaan inti sehingga berjumlah 31 peternak res ponden. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey dan pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dengan kuesioner. Analisis untuk menentukan kelayakan finansial menggunakan kriteria NPV, BCR dan IRR dilengkapi dengan analisis sensitivitas dan simulasi terhadap perubahan harga pakan dan harga ayam broiler. Analisis bagian pendapatan menggunakan metode accounting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa investasi peternak plasma ayam broiler dengan jangka waktu lima tahun dan discount factor 13% secara rata-rata dapat dikatakan layak untuk diusahakan berdasarkan nilai NPV positif (Rp 61.271.162,51), BCR > 1 (1,04) dan IRR lebih besar dari discount factor (20,70%). Hasil analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan apabila harga pakan tetap, harga ayam broiler turun 4,13% maka usaha plasma layak diusahakan. Namun apabila harga pakan naik 5,78% dan harga ayam broiler tetap atau harga pakan naik 5,78% dan harga ayam broiler juga naik 4,13% maka usaha ayam broiler tidak layak diusahakan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan apabila harga pakan tetap tetapi harga ayam broiler turun sampai dengan 10%, maka kondisi finansial peternak menjadi tidak layak. Agar kondisi finansial peternak tetap layak maka apabila ada kenaikan pakan 5% harus diimbangi dengan kenaikan ayam broiler dua kali lipat dari harga pakan. Bagian pendapatan usaha pola kemitraan ayam broiler menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan kelompok faktor produksi maka sarana produksi mengambil bagian sebesar 91,70% sedangkan berdasarkan pemilik faktor produksi, perusahaan inti mengambil bagian sebesar 89,79%; peternak broiler 8,88% dan tenaga kerja buruh 1,34%.

The objective of this research was to determine financial feasibility and income share of partnership pattern in broiler farming in Sleman regency. The research was conducted on May to July 2006. The material of this research were broiler farmers of three major firms located in Sleman. Respondent of farmers were taken by using proportional random sampling of each major firm, consisted of 31 respondents. The research was used survey method and data were collected by interviewing with questionnaires. The financial feasibility was determined by NPV, BCR and IRR criteria, completed by sensitivity and simulation on feed and broiler price change. The income share was analyzed by accounting method. The result of this research indicated that investment of broiler farming in 5 years and 13% of discount factor were feasible based on positive NPV (Rp 61,271,162.51), BCR > 1 (1.04) and IRR higher than discount factor (20.70%). Result of the sensitivity analysis indicated that when the feed price was not change, broiler price decreased 4.13%, the broiler farming was feasible. However, when the feed price increased 5.78% and broiler price was not change or feed price increased 5,78% and broiler price increased 4.13%, the broiler farming was not feasible. Result of simulation indicated that when the feed price was not change, but the broiler price decreased up to 10%, the farming financial condition was not feasible. In order to financial feasibility of broiler farming, the increased 5% feed price must be followed the increased broiler prices two times (10%) of feed prices. Income share of broiler farming partnership pattern indicated that based on production factor group, the factor input of production was 91.70%, but based on the owner of production factor, the major firm was 89.79%; broiler farmer was 8.88% and the employer was 1.34%.

Kata Kunci : Peternakan Ayam Broiler,Pola Kemitraan, Broiler farming, Partnership pattern, Financial analysis, Income share