Hubungan antara persepsi tentang insentif dan kepuasan kerja petugas Puskesmas di Kota Balikpapan

SUHERIYONO, Prof.dr. Hari Kusnanto J., DrPH

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kebij. dan Manaj. Pe

Latar Belakang: Jumlah terbesar SDM di puskesmas adalah tenaga medis (dokter dan dokter gigi) dan tenaga keperawatan (perawat dan bidan) yang menjadi ujung tombak pemberi pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Kinerja puskesmas sangat tergantung dari kinerja petugas tersebut. Untuk meningkatkan kinerja petugas diperlukan sistem insentif sebagai penghargaan (reward) agar kepuasan kerja petugas meningkat. Pembagian insentif selama ini dikelola oleh Pimpinan Puskesmas. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi tentang insentif dan kepuasan kerja petugas Puskesmas di Kota Balikpapan. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan rancangan cross- sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Subyek penelitian adalah petugas Puskesmas (Dokter, Dokter gigi, Bidan, Perawat) serta kepala Dinas dan kepala Puskesmas terpilih. Variabel bebas adalah persepsi tentang insentif yang terdiri dari keadilan, transparansi, konsistensi dan kewajaran sedangkan variabel terikat kepuasan kerja. Alat ukur berupa kuesioner dan pedoman wawancara. Data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Product Moment dan Anova serta regresi linier berganda. Hasil : Hasil pengukuran persepsi terhadap sistem pembagian insentif menunjukkan cukup baik 3-4 Skala Likert. Persepsi tertinggi transparansi 3,92 dan terendah kewajaran 3,11. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) persepsi tentang keadilan berdasarkan jenis profesi. Perawat mempunyai persepsi yang paling rendah dan dokter berpersepsi paling baik. Persepsi tentang keadilan dan konsistensi tentang insentif di Puskesmas berhubungan dengan kepuasan kerja, namun korelasi tersebut tergolong lemah (r<0,40). Persepsi yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja adalah persepsi keadilan. Persepsi keadilan dalam pembagian insentif meliputi tanggung jawab, beban kerja, masa kerja, absensi, pendidikan. Kesimpulan : Persepsi tentang keadilan dan konsistensi tentang insentif berhubungan dengan kepuasan kerja petugas Puskesmas di Kota Balikpapan.

Background: Major human resources at the community health center are medical staff (physicians and dentists) and nursing staff (nurses and midwives) who are the milestone of health service to the public. Performance of the community health center depends much on the performance of these staff. To improve performance of staff incentive as a reward system is required in order to increase job satisfaction of staff. The incentive system so far is managed by the head of health center. Objective: To identify relationship between perception about incentive and job satisfaction of community health center staff at Balikpapan Municipality. Method: The study used cross sectional design with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Subject of the study were community health center staff (physicians, dentists, nurses, midwives) and head of health office and specivied community health centers. The independent variable was incentive system which consisted of fairness, transparancy, consistency and appropriateness whereas the dependent variable was job satisfaction. Research instrument used were questionnaires and interview guide. Data analysis used Product Moment Correlation, Anova and double linear regression. Result: The result of measurement on perception about incentive distribution system showed fairly good, i.e. 3 – 4 Likert Scale. The highest perception was transparancy (3.92) and the lowest was appropriateness (3.11). There was significant difference in perception (p<0.05) about fairness based on profession types. Nurses had the lowest perception and physicians had the highest. Perception about fairness and consistency of incentive system at the health center had relationship with job satisfaction but the correlation was relatively weak (r<0.40). Perception about fairness most dominantly affected job satisfaction. Perc eption of fairness in incentive system distribution consisted of responsibility, workload, length of work, attendance, and education. Conclusion: Perception about fairness and consistency of incentive had relationship with job satisfaction of Community health center staff at Balikpapan Municipality.

Kata Kunci : Manajemen Kesehatan,Kepuasan Kerja,Persepsi,Petugas Puskesmas