Orientasi karir dokter di Kabupaten Kotabaru Kalimantan Selatan

NOOR, Fakhruddin, dr. Kristiani, SU

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kebij. dan Manaj. Pe

Latar Belakang. Dalam Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah (RPJM) tahun 2006-2010 Pemerintah Kabupaten Kotabaru merencanakan semua Puskesmas di Kabupaten Kotabaru menjadi Puskesmas Perawatan dan RSUD dari tipe C menjadi tipe B, namun masih kekurangan tenaga dokter. Sebagian besar dokter di Kotabaru berstatus PNS pusat dan dokter PTT serta dari luar daerah, yang kemungkinan kurang berminat berkarir di Kotabaru karena orientasi keilmuannya dan berasal dari luar daerah. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui orientasi karir dokter di lingkungan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kotabaru. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik, menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah Kabupaten Kotabaru dengan Unit Analisis adalah Dokter Umum dan Dokter Gigi di Lingkungan Dinkes Kotabaru dengan Subyek Penelitian adalah Kepala Dinas Kesehatan, Kepala BKD, Dokter Umum dan Dokter Gigi di Lingkungan Dinas Kesehatan Kotabaru. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah kuisioner, panduan wawancara mendalam, dan panduan FGD. Hasil. Responden tetap ingin mengembangkan karir di Kotabaru. Kebanyakan responden ingin berkarir di bidang spesialisasi. Perbedaan karakteristik dokter terhadap pilihan pekerjaan hanya terjadi pada jenis kelamin dan jenis profesi (p<0,05). Dokter laki-laki memilih berkarir di bidang manajemen (40%) dan spesialis (35%). Dokter perempuan memilih spesialisasi (77,3%). Dokter umum memilih bidang spesialisasi (71,0%) sedangkan dokter gigi memilih bidang manajemen (72,7%). Hanya persepsi dokter tentang situasi kerja yang berbeda signifikan berdasarkan pilihan karir (p<0,05). Dokter yang memilih bidang manajemen berpersepsi paling baik tentang situasi kerja di Kotabaru. Informasi dan pengelolaan karir yang transparan dari Dinas Kesehatan serta dukungan Pemda mewujudkan karir dokter merupakan situasi yang diinginkan dokter di Kotabaru. Kesimpulan. Dokter masih berkeinginan untuk tetap mengembangkan karir di Kabupaten Kotabaru dan kebanyakan memilih berkarir sebagai dokter spesialis.

Background. In the medium term development plan, year 2006-2010, the government of Kotabaru District plans that all community health centers in Kotabaru District become treatment health centers, and District Hospitals(RSUD) type C become District Hospitals type B. Nevertheless, until today the government still lacks medical doctors. Most doctors in Kotabaru have status of civil servants (PNS) and temporary doctors (PTT). Many of them come from out of the area and possibly have little interests in building careers at Kotabaru District due to their intellectual orientations. Objective. The objective of this research was to have an overview of doctors’ career orientations in the environment of Kotabaru District Health Office. Methods. This research was an analytical research, using cross sectional design, with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The research was conducted at Kotabaru District, with doctors in the environment of Kotabaru District Health Office as the unit of analysis. The research subjects were head of District Health Office, head of local government employment institution (BKD), general practitioners, and dentists in Kotabaru. The research instruments were questionnaires, in-depth interview guide, and focus group discussion guide. Result. The respondents were willing to build their careers at Kotabaru. Most of them wanted to have careers as specialists. The doctors’ characteristic differences towards job selections only occurred in sex and types of professions (p<0,05). Male doctors’ chose to have careers in management field (40%) and as specialists (35%), while female doctors preferred to be specialists (77,3%). The general practitioners chose to work in specialized field (71%), while the dentists preferred to work in management field (72,7%). Only doctors’ perceptions on working conditions were significantly different based on career selections (p<0,05). The doctors who chose to work in management field had the best perceptions on working conditions at Kotabaru. Information and transparent career management from the District Health Office, also the support from local government for doctors to develop their careers, were the conditions preferred by the doctors in Kotabaru. Conclusion. Doctors were still willing to develop their careers in Kotabaru District, and most of them chose to have careers as specialists.

Kata Kunci : Manajemen Kesehatan,Dokter,Orientasi Karier