Efektivitas pengaturan hukum waralaba ayam bakar wong solo dalam melindungi hak atas kekayaan intelektual

TRIYANTO, Prof.Dr. RM. Sudikno Mertokusumo, SH

2007 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hukum (Magister Hukum Bisnis)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aspek-aspek hukum yang terkandung dalam bisnis waralaba Ayam Bakar Wong Solo dan mengetahui efektivitas pengaturan hukum waralaba Ayam Bakar Wong Solo dalam melindungi hak atas kekayaan intelektual (HKI). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian adalah di Restoran Ayam Bakar Wong Solo, Departemen Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia dan Perpustakaan. Subyek penelitian adalah pemilik bisnis Ayam Bakar Wong Solo atau yang diberi kuasa Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Penelitian mengambil data dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik purposive sampling dimana sample diambil dan disesuaikan dengan pertimbangan tertentu yang ditetapkan berdasarkan pada tujuan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) aspek-aspek hukum dalam bisnis waralaba Ayam Bakar Wong Solo meliputi: (a) hukum perjanjian, waralaba Ayam Bakar Wong Solo merupakan suatu perjanjian, sehingga proses pengalihan hak tersebut akan tunduk pada prinsip-prinsip hukum perjanjian, (b) hukum HKI, obyek perjanjian waralaba Ayam Bakar Wong Solo adalah HKI khususnya merek “Wong Solo” dan hak untuk boleh melaksanakan resep komposisi makanan yang dilindungi sebagai rahasia dagang (trade secrets); and (2) perlindungan hukum HKI terhadap merek “Wong Solo” dapat dikategorikan kurang efektif karena telah terjadi pelanggaran merek berupa pemakaian merek “Wong Solo” oleh pihak lain untuk kelas barang sejenis tanpa ijin dari pemilik. Terjadinya pelanggaran ini bertentangan dengan tujuan pengaturan perlindungan HKI yaitu untuk memberikan perlindungan atas hak moral maupun hak ekonomi dari pemilik merek. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, tidak ditemukan adanya pelanggaran rahasia dagang. Oleh sebab itu, perlindungan hukum terhadap resep rahasia dagang Ayam Bakar Wong Solo dapat dikategorikan efektif.

The aims of the research are to find out legal aspects contained in the Franchise of Ayam Bakar Wong Solo and effectiveness of the legal arrangement of the franchise in protecting its Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). This is an empirical juridical research with a qualitative descriptive approach. It was conducted at Ayam Bakar Wong Solo restaurant, Department of Law and Human Rights, and libraries. Subject of the research was the owner of Ayam Bakar Wong Solo or the person(s) given a power of attorney. This research used primary and secondary data. The data were gathered through in-depth interview, observation, and library research. Samples of the research were taken by using a purposive sampling technique. The results of the research show that (1) the legal aspects of the franchise of Ayam Bakar Wong Solo include: (a) contract law, the franchise of Ayam Bakar Wong is a contract, and therefore, the process of transferring of its rights to other person (s) shall be subject to the principles of contract law, and (b) IPR, the objects of the franchise contract are the IPR of “Wong Solo” trade mark and the rights to use its food composition recipes, which are protected as the trade secrets; and (2) the legal protection upon the trade mark of “Wong Solo” can be categorized less effective for there has been an illegal utilization of the trade mark of “Wong Solo” for the same products by another party, or the trade mark was used without the franchise from the owner of the trade mark of “Wong Solo”. This violation has been in contradiction with the objectives of the legal protection of IPR, that is, protecting the moral rights as well as the economic rights of the trade mark owner. Meanwhile, based on the results of the research, there have not been any violations toward the trade secrets. Therefore, the legal protection to the trade secret recipes of Ayam Bakar Wong Solo can be categorized effective.

Kata Kunci : HAKI, Hukum Waralaba, Ayam Bakar Wong Solo, effectiveness, legal arrangement, IPR.