The Analyses of urban land use in west and east Depok as a tool to improve city's spatial plan
KUSUMAWARDANI, Ratih Hapsari, Dr.Ir. Bondan Hermanislamet, M.Sc
2006 | Tesis | Magister Perencanaan Kota dan Daerahpenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah telah terjadi perbedaan antara tata guna lahan exiting di kecamatan Depok dengan Rencana Detail Tata Ruang Kota (RDTRK) 2001-2011, sekaligus untuk me-reformulasi rencana tata ruang kota sesuai dengan kecenderungan pembangunan yang telah terjadi Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksploratori dengan melakukan studi dokumen dan studi lapangan. Berdasarkan metode tersebut didapat hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara tata guna lahan existing di ketiga daerah perencanaan di Depok (Depok Barat, Depok Tengah, dan Depok Timur) dengan rencana tata guna lahan sebagaimana tercantum dalam RDTRK 2001-2011. Perbedaan yang diamatidalam penelitian ini meliputi perbedaan dalam alokasi dan penggunaan lahan. aselanjunya penelitian ini mengambil sampel tata guna lahan di Depok Timur. Depok Timur dipilih karena daerah ini telah mengalami perkembangan pesat dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir dan berdasarkan hasil analisis, mengalami perbedaan besar antara tata guna lahan existing dengan rencana tata guna lahan dalam RDTRK. Berdasar hasil penelitian perbedaan terjadi dalam penggunaan lahan untuk pemukiman dan perdagangan yang telah melampaui rencana dan penggunaan lahan untuk perkantoran, perhotelan dan daerah hijau yang kurang dari rencana. Mencermati perkembangan penggunaan lahan di Depok Timur, penelitian ini mengusulkan beberapa perubahan dalam rencana tata ruang kota yang meliputi perubahan luas dan fungsi blok (Blok KTM1 dan KTM2) penambahan alokasi lahan untuk pemukiman dan fungsi pedagangab, pengurangan alokasi lahan untuk pemukiman dan perdaganan, pengurangan alokasi lahan untuk perkantoran, perhotelan dan universitas dan pengaturan kembali tata guna lahan sesuai dengan kecenderungan pembangunan kota.
As the city grows, the demand of land for urban function will increase. In the urban context, the use of land is mostly derived by its location advantage. The limited supply of land will cause urban activities to compete to occupy the most favorable land in market mechanism. The ability for occupying the land is influenced by the bidding ability of each activity. The competition towards urban land that is directed by market mechanism can cause ineffectiveness and inefficiency of its use. Considering this problem, local government has obligation to manage urban land for increasing city’s productivity and development. The other reason for local government’s intervention is to assure public interests towards urban land, the thing that is usually neglected by developers. One of local government’s tools to manage urban land is City Spatial Plan that consists of goals and objectives for spatial development and the way to achieve them. City Spatial Plan in Depok District is stated in RDTRK 2001-2011. This RDTRK is a revision for the former RDTRK 1991-2001. Based on the regulation, the RDTRK should be evaluated for a certain period to accommodate land development. The main idea of this thesis is to provide a tool to improve land use plan as stated in RDTRK 2001-2011 by considering land development in the area planning of Depok, that consists of three area planning divisions: West Depok, Central Depok, and East Depok. This research was focused on land use in East Depok as this area experiences the highest land conversion. One way to know whether land development is in accordance with the plan is by analyzing its discrepancy. Based on research’s findings, the discrepancy happens for many kinds of urban activities in East Depok, particularly for residential and commercial function. Residential function has exceeded the plan and has occupied land that is projected for other urban uses. To accommodate this tendency, land use plan should be reformulated. The researcher used land size and location preference as variables in reformulating the plan. This plan’s review also accommodates some activity development that takes place in East Depok, such as the development of commercial function along ring road, which is, according the plan, should be restricted in order not to disturb the road function. The change also happens for wetland that is predicted to be residential uses in 2011. As a tool to control and manage land development, city’s spatial plan should always in line with the objectives and goals of the plan. Starting from this point, land use plan is reviewed by accommodating the existing condition.
Kata Kunci : Pembangunan Kota,Rencana Tata Ruang, Land use, land market mechanism, spatial planning
