Interactive Water Resource Management in the implementation of the sumur resapan system in Rembang Regency

NURTJAHJANTO, Bartolomeus Deddy, Ir. Leksono Probosubanu, MURP.,Ph.D

2006 | Tesis | Magister Perencanaan Kota dan Daerah

Penelitian ini mcncoba menggambarkan praktek dan kebijakan manajemen sumberdaya air di Kabupaten The Rembang dalam kasus pcnerapan sumur resapan yang dilaksanakan melaui proses interaktif antara pemcrintah dan masyarakat serta mcnggali rcspon masyarakat terhadap kegiatan konservasi sumberdaya air melalui eksplorasi persepsi, pcngetahuan, kcsadaran dan kcterlibatan masyarakat. Tipe penelitian ini adalah bersifat dcskriptif empiris yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli - Agustus 2006 dengan menggunakan teknik purposif sampling untuk memilih responden kunci dan 90 responden dari masyarakat di tiga desa di kecamatan kragan Kabupaten The Rembang. Hasil penclitian menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Rembang tidak mcmiliki kebijakan yang memadai untuk mcngelola sumberdaya air yang ditunjukkan dengan kurangnya peraturan yang dikcluarkan Pcrncrintah Kabupaten Rembang. Hal ini memcerminkan keterbatasan kapasitas institusi dan lemahnya kcrangka kerja legal manajcmen sumbcrdaya air di Kabupaten Rembang. Dalam kasus pencrapan sumur resapan di tiga desa di Kecamatan Kragan, proses interaktif yang didorong untuk meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat tidak semuanya berjalan scbagaimana mestinya. Eksplorasi tcrhadap persepsi, pengetahuan, kesadaran dan keterlibatan masyarakat mcngungkapkan bahwa rcspon masyarakat bervariasi di tiga desa terscbut. Proscs interaktif yang lebih memperhatikan aspirasi masyarakat (bottom-up) dan transfer pcngctahuan yang cukup ccndcrung mcnghasilkan rcspon yang positif disamping pengaruh karakter sosial ekonomi masyarakat seternpat. Selanjutnya faktor alasan ckonomi masih menjadi faktor dominan keterlibatan masyarakat dalarn kasus penerapan sumur resapan di tiga desa tersebut.

The The Rembang regency has experienced a water crisis for years. Given the hydrogeological conditions and poor water resource management constitute the constraint dealing water problem within this area. The local government has simultaneously attempted to improve water infrastructure and insisted on local policies of water retention. The infiltration wells (sumur resapan) have been disseminated through a partnership program regarding groundwater conservation within local communities that allows an interactive process in decision making. This research intends to find the best practice of water resource management in the implementation of the sumur resapan system. Field observations and interviews were conducted in order to assess the local policies and regulations on the water resource management, in particular the community perceptions, knowledge, awareness and participation toward the implementation of the sumur resapan system. The three sub districts within the Kragan district were chosen for analysis. All have applied the sumur resapan system. The research found that the local authorities lacked regulation on water resource management and reflected improper legal and institutional frameworks. The interactive process was articulated differently in the cases of three sub districts that revealed that a bottom-up approach would lead to proper performance in the implementation. Inadequate transfer of information within the interactive process resulted in limited knowledge that was also influenced by the socio cultural background of the community. It was noticed that poor social economic conditions was the economic reason for the most motivation in participation. Overall, the implementation still needed improvement in regards to the establishment of a local water authority institution, the adoption of local environmental knowledge and intensification of environmental education and communication.

Kata Kunci : Sumberdaya Air,Pengelolaan,Sumur Resapan,Peran Masyarakat