Hubungan NGO Internasional dan NGO Lokal dalam proses rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi pasca Tsunami di Aceh

MAIFIZAR, Arfriani, Dr. Suharko

2006 | Tesis | S2 Sosiologi

Proses rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi Aceh pasca tsunami, melibatkan Lembaga donor, NGO Internasional, Badan PBB, BRR dan kemunculan berbagai NGO lokal membawa pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi. Timbulnya beragamnya persoalan hubungan kerja antara NGO internasional dengan NGO lokal mempengaruhi pencapaian program kerja di lapangan. Dinamika hubungan kerja ini berdampak pada pelaksanaan kerja yang tidak sesuai dengan keinginan dari masyarakat korban tsunami. Hal ini yang menyebabkan kekecewaan dalam masyarakat atas proses rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi. Penelitian ini berupaya melihat bagaimana hubungan kerja NGO internasional dan NGO lokal ? Apa implikasi dari pola hubungan kerja antara NGO internasional dan NGO lokal terhadap proses rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi di Aceh pasca tsunami? Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kerja dapat berjalan sinergis, selaras dan seimbang dalam proses rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi dan mengetahui implikasi dari hubungan kerja NGO internasional dan NGO lokal terhadap proses rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka berfikir tentang hubungan NGO internasional dan NGO lokal dan keterlibatannya di dalam proses rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi pembangunan Aceh pasca tsunami. Metode penelitian digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan analisa deskriptif sehingga memperoleh gambaran mengenai hubungan kerja terkait dengan permasalahan yang diteliti. Data penelitian adalah data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik yang digunakan adalah interview guide studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan hubungan kerja NGO internasional dan NGO lokal dalam proses rehabilitasi dan rekontruksi berjalan tidak sinergis, selaras dan seimbang. Beragamnya pendekatan kerja dan besarnya kepentingan berbagai pihak sangat mempengaruhi dinamika terjalinnya hubungan kerja antara NGO internasional dan NGO lokal. Implikasi dari pola hubungan kerja ini berdampak pada implementasi kerja di dalam masyarakat, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi lambannya proses rehabilitasi dan rekontruksi pasan tsunami di Aceh. Untuk mengatasi keterlambatan proses rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi, diperlukan upaya memperbaiki kesenjangan hubungan kerja antara NGO Internasional dan NGO lokal dengan cara melakukan pembagian kerja, penguatan kapasitas dan mendayagunakan sistem koordinasi dalam mekanisme kerja secara efektif dan efisien sehingga dapat memastikan percepatan proses rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi pasca tsunami di Aceh dan kiranya dapat bermanfaat bagi percepatan dalam membangun Aceh baru di masa mendatang.

The process of rehabilitation and reconstruction in Aceh during post-tsunami disaster involve funding institutions, international NGOs, UN’s Bodies, and BRR (Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi) The emergence of various local NGOs significantly bring many effects to the result of the processes themselves. The rise of many problems related to the working relation between international and local NGOs give impact to the achievement of all work programs in the victim community as a whole. The dynamics of this working relation have also influenced the its implementation, which is often seen as too far from what people, the victim of the catastrophe, need. These matters, in turn, generate the sense of disappointment and grievance within the society over the process of rehabilitation and reconstruction. This research aims at knowing the way in which the working relation between international and local NGOs is formed and improved, and to highlight the implication of the pattern of such relation toward the process of rehabilitation and reconstruction in Aceh during post-tsunami disaster. The purpose of this investigation is, thus, to understand more deeply the process of the work relation, which is allegedly synergical, coordinated, and balance, in the process of rehabilitation and reconstruction, and to decipher the implication of such relation toward the process above. This research used the framework which is concerned with the working relation between international and local NGOs and their involvements in the process of rehabilitation and reconstruction in Aceh during post-tsunami disaster. To gain the display of the work relation between NGOs relating to the subject matter, I use qualitative research method with descriptive analysis. The data both quantitative and qualitative. I also conduct the library and documentary research through what socalled “interview guide”. The result of the research reveals that the working relation between international and local NGOs in the process of rehabilitation and reconstruction is neither synergical, coordinated, nor balanced. The various working approach and the increasing interest of manya actors who conducts their jobs in Aceh are extremely influence the dynamics of the intertwined working relation between international and local NGOs. The implication of the pattern of this relation gives impact to the working implementation in the victim community, people of Aceh who experience the catastrophe, so, in the large extent, it makes the process of rehabilitation and reconstruction in the condition of inertia. To cope with the inertia of the process, an effort to bridge the gap of the working relation between international and local NGOs is needed, that is, by division of labor, capacity enforcement and coordination system empowerment within the working mechanism, so, the next stage, it can ascertain the accelerating process of reconstruction and rehabilitation during post-tsunami disaster and give more benefits to the acceleration of the new Aceh’s development in future as well.

Kata Kunci : Tsunami,Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi,Hubungan NGO Internasional dan NGO Lokal,working relation, implication, reconstruction and rehabilitation