Kuman Mahwadhi-wadhi :: Simbol harmonisasi budaya dan agama

PANGKEREGO, Thisye Olivie, Prof.Dr. Irwan Abdullah

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Perbandingan Agama

Kuman Mahwadhi-wadhi adalah kegiatan makan bersama yang selalu ada dalam setiap ritus agama Kristen di Kembes, salah satu desa di Minahasa. Kuman Mahwadhi-wadhi ini adalah suatu harmonisasi yang dihasilkan dari akulturasi antara agama Kristen dengan budaya lokal serta purifikasi dari agama Kristen. Konsep yang dikemukakan Clifford Geertz mengenai kebudayaan sebagai “Sebuah pola-pola makna (a pattern of meanings) atau ide-ide yang memuat simbol-simbol yang dengan masyarakat menjalani pengetahuan mereka tentang kehidupan dan mengekspresikan kesadaran mereka melalui simbol-simbol itu”, merupakan suatu gambaran yang tepat dalam melihat dan menganalisis makna dari setiap simbol suatu sistem kebudayaan, yang begitu beragam. Akulturasi yang terbentuk mengandung simbol syukur terhadap Empung Wailan Wangko sebagai sumber dari segala sesuatu yang mereka nikmati, Simbol persatuan di antara anggota komunitas yang dijiwai oleh Mapalus, diperkuat dengan prinsip solidaritas dalam suatu gambaran, komunitas adalah tubuh Kristus yang saling melengkapi dan simbol kesetaraan yang menjadi ciri dari interaksi komunitas Kembes Dalam perjalanan waktu, harmonisasi mengalami perubahan akibat modernisasi. Kenyataan ini didukung lagi dengan sikap gereja sebagai institusi keagamaan terbesar, yang tidak melakukan pelurusan dan pembaharuan dalam simbol-simbol perjumpaan yang pernah terjadi antara budaya dan agama, sehingga Kuman Mahwadhi-wadhi mengalami diferensiasi makna.

Kuman Mahwadhi-Wadhi as a practice of eating together is such an important part of every Christian rites in Kembes, a village in Minahasa. This practice is a harmonization which is result from the acculturation and purification of Christian with local culture. Clifford Geertz concept about culture as a pattern of meaning or the ideas including symbols what with that the community performs their knowledge about life and expressing that into certain symbols- is a right explanation in how we see and analyze the meaning of every culture symbols. A acculturation between Christian and local culture in Kuman Mahwadhiwadhi form has some meaning of symbols: Gratefulness to Empung Wailan Wangko as a source of everything in human life as local culture belief was purified with new meaning as a gratefulness to God-a source of blessing. The Unity among this community is inspired by Mapalus system-living in togetherness and share helps each other in everything. Its va lue is reinforcing with an explanation that community is a Body of Christ that living together and sharing love each other. Equality is emphasized to interaction of Kembes community. It describes an understanding about the Sacrifation of Jesus Christ who come and become a man into the world, and cleans the sin of this world. As a run of time, the harmonization is facing with some conflicts caused of modernity. Kuman Mahwadhi-wadhi does not understanding as a holy part of a rites, but now, it tends to be an appendix which related to social status of the member of the community. It is also become a life style of consumerist. It is clear that Kuman Mahwadhi-wadhi has a differentiation meaning; unfortunately, it is supported by church, which does not make a move to reform the meaning of the symbols.

Kata Kunci : Agama dan Budaya,Akulturasi,Harmonisasi,Religion, Culture, Harmonization, Acculturation, Symbol