Parameter fermentasi rumen sapi perah yang diberi ransum berbasis Protein Digested in the Small Intestine Energy (PDIE) dengan pakan basal jerami padi, jerami jagung, atau rumput raja

MUNIR, Prof.Dr.Ir. Ristianto Utomo, SU

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan protein digested in the small intestine energy (PDIE) dengan pakan basal jerami padi (JP), jerami jagung (JJ), atau rumput raja (RR) terhadap parameter fermentasi rumen. Empat ekor sapi perah betina Peranakan Fresian Holstein (PFH) yang telah difistulasi pada bagian rumen, berumur 2 – 2,5 tahun dengan berat awal 200 – 250 kg. Pemberian pakan dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama dengan pemberian pakan tunggal JP, JJ atau RR. Kemudian dilanjutkan tahap kedua dengan pemberian pemberian ransum berbasis PDIE dengan pakan basal JP, JJ, atau RR diberikan sesuai kebutuhannya (menurut rekomendasi NRC), dengan perbandingan untuk JP : konsentrat adalah 35%:65% sedangkan untuk pakan JJ dan RR perbandingan hijauan : konsentrat adalah 55%:45%. Pada akhir priode pemberian pakan dilakukan pengambilan cairan rumen selama 24 jam untuk penetapan pH, NH3, asam asetat, propionat, dan butirat. Hasil penelitian diolah dengan menggunakan rancangan analisis randomized complete block design (RCBD). Jika terdapat perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan, dilanjutkan dengan uji signifikasi duncan multiple range test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata konsentrasi pH cairan rumen yang diberi pakan tunggal selama 24 jam, pakan JJ (7,01) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan JP (6,93) dan RR (6,81), demikian halnya dengan ransum berbasis PDIE JJ (7,16) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan JP (7,15) dan RR (7,14). Konsentrasi NH3 pakan tunggal RR (29,57 mg/l) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan JJ (16,92 mg/l), dan JP (12,96 mg/l), sementara ransum berbasis PDIE JP (69,90 mg/l) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan RR (64,82 mg/l), dan JJ (62,95 mg/l). Konsentrasi asam asetat pakan tunggal JJ (50,69 mmol/l) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan RR (43,17 mmol/l) dan JP (38,82 mmol/l), sedangkan ransum berbasis PDIE pada RR (70,50 mmol/l) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan JP (63,53 mmol/l) dan JJ (49,15 mmol/l). Konsentrasi asam propionat cairan rumen pakan yang diberi pakan tunggal JJ (15,30 mmol/l) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan JP (13,60 mmol/l) dan RR (12,83 mmol/l), sedangkan ransum berbasis PDIE RR (20,03 mmol/l) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan JP (16,59 mmol/l) dan JJ (14,45 mmol/l). Konsentrasi asam butirat pakan tunggal JP (7,99 mmol/l) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan RR (6,73 mmol/l), dan JJ (5,56 mmol/l), sedangkan ransum berbasis PDIE RR (11,81mmol/l) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan JJ(9,58 mmol/l), dan JP (7,71 mmol/l). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ransum berbasis PDIE dengan pakan basal JP, JJ atau RR dapat meningkatkan parameter fermentasi rumen.

This research was conducted to determind the influence of suplementation high protein digested in the small intestine energy (PDIE) fed rice straw (JP), corn stover (JJ) or king grass (RR) as basal diet to parameters of rumen fermentation. Using randomized complete block design (RCBD) four rumen fistulated heifers Fresian Holstein Crossbreed (PFH), aged 2 – 2.5 years old were used, with initial bodyweight of 200 – 250 kg. Two phases experiments were done in which at first phase sole feed JP, JJ, or RR, second phase fed PDIE with the fed JP, JJ, or RR as basal diet. Concentrate PDIE given according to the requirement (according to recommendation NRC), with proportion of the JP : concentrate 35 : 65% while for the JJ and RR proportion of roughage : concentrate 55 : 45%. then continued the second phase the animal fed JP, JJ or RR. At the end of this phase rumen liquor was taken for 24 hours for determinating of pH, NH3, acetate acid, propionat, and butirat. Data collected were analyzed using analyses of varians duncan multiple range test (DMRT). Result of research indicated that the mean of concentration pH of rumen liquor sole feed during 24 hours, gave sole feed of JJ, JP, RR showed that JJ was higher than that of JP and RR (P<0.05) at 7.01 , 6.93 , 6.81 respectively, that way the things of fed PDIE JJ, JP, RR showed that JJ was higher than that of JP and RR (P<0.05) at 7.16 , 7.15 , 7.14. Concentration NH3 gave sole feed of RR, JJ, JP showed that JJ was higher than that of JJ and JP (P<0.05) at 29.57 , 16.92 , 12.96 mg/l, while fed PDIE of JP, RR, JJ showed that JP was higher than that of RR and JJ (P<0.05) at 69.90 , 64.82 , 62.95 mg/l. Concentration acetate acid gave sole feed of JJ, RR, JP showed that JJ was higher than that of RR and JP (P<0.05) at 50.69 , 43.17 , 38.82 mmol/l, while gave the fed PDIE of RR, JP, JJ showed that RR was higher than that of JP and JJ (P<0.05) at 70.50 , 63.53 , 49.15 mmol/l. Concentration propionat acid gave sole feed of JJ, JP, RR showed that JJ was higher than that of JP and RR (P<0.05) at 15.30 , 13.60 , 12.83 mmol/l, while fed PDIE of RR, JP, JJ sowed that RR was higher than that of JP and JJ (P<0.05) at 20.03 , 16.59 , 14.45 mmol/l. Concentration of butirat acid gave sole feed of JP, RR, JJ showed that JP was higher than that of RR and JJ (P<0.05) at 7.99 , 6.73 , 5.56 mmol/l, while fed PDIE of RR, JJ, JP showed that RR was higher than that of JJ and JP (P<0.05) at 11.81 , 9.58 , 7.71 mmol/l, from this research inferential that gift PDIE by fed JP, JJ or RR can improve the parameter of ferment rumen.

Kata Kunci : Pakan Ternak,PDIE,Fermentasi Rumen, Fermentation of Rumen, Protein Digested in The Small Intestine Energy, Fed Basal, Dairy Cattle)