Analisis tata sirkulasi manusia di Instalasi rawat darurat Rumah Sakit Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta

DEWI, Dyah Permata Kurnia, dr. Sugianto A., Sp.S.,M.Kes.,Ph.D

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Manajemen Rumah Saki

Latar Belakang : Pergerakan pengguna di rumah sakit menggunakan elemen-elemen sirkulasi dan membentuk tata sirkulasi sehingga semakin banyak pengguna maka semakin komplek pula sirkulasi yang terjadi. Guna mengupayakan tercapainya suatu rancangan bangunan yang paling sesuai dengan kondisi terkini, maka perlu diadakan pendekatan perencanaan yang terstruktur dan spesifik, dimana customer atau pelanggan menjadi pusat perhatian. Fakta-fakta yang terjadi di lapangan dibandingkan dengan standar normatif tata sirkulasi di IRD terjadi kekurang sesuaian. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tata sirkulasi di luar dan di dalam bangunan Instalasi Rawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Dr Sardjito, dari sisi keamanan, kenyamanan dan kemudahan bagi penggunanya untuk mendukung efektivitas pelayanan di unit tersebut. Metoda Penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan dimana pengambilan datanya menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan observasi dan wawancara kelompok pihak manajemen. Selain itu dilakukan pula pengambilan data dengan metode kuantitatif dengan kuestioner yang diisi oleh pengguna gedung. Penyajian data secara deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah manajemen IRD. Pengguna internal , pengguna eksternal. Lokasi penelitian dari penelitian ini adalah Instalasi Rawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Dr Sardjito. Sedangkan unit analisisnya adalah tata sirkulasi pada Instalasi Rawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Dr Sardjito Yogjakarta Hasil : Dari 9 persyaratan umum tata sirkulasi di IRD, Instalasi Rawat Darurat RS Dr Sardjito hanya memenuhi 2 persyaratan atau sebesar 22,2%. Jumlah responden internal yang menilai tata sirkulasi di IRD ini memenuhi persyaratan umum sebanyak 54,8% sedangkan responden eksternal berjumlah 64%. Dari observasi di 9 titik, diperoleh penilaian peneliti untuk katagori aman 51,6%, katagori nyaman 44% dan katagori mudah 50%. Jumlah responden internal yang mempersepsikan aman 43,1%, nyaman 47,6% dan katagori mudah 56,85%. Jumlah responden eksternal yang mempersepsikan aman 67,67%, katagori nyaman 60,67% dan katagori mudah 53%. Dari penilaian petunjuk/penanda, di IRD ini tergolong kurang baik, hanya 38,4% yang memberikan kejelasan. Jumlah responden internal yang mempersepsikan petunjuk ini baik 38,7% dan responden eksternal 62% Kesimpulan : Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tata sirkulasi manusia di IRD Rumah Sakit Dr Sardjito belum memenuhi syarat sebuah tata sirkulasi manusia yang baik, dengan tingkat keamananya sedang, kenyamanannya buruk dan kemudahannya sedang.

Background: Visitors’ movement in hospital use circulation elements and create circulation management so that more visitors more complexes the circulation that occurred. In order to achieve building plan that suit to nowadays situation, hospital management need to think structured and specific plan approach that focused to customers, but the facts and normative standard of .circulation management in emergency department was not adjusted yet. Objectives: The study aimed to identify circulation management, outside and inside emergency depatment building in Dr. Sardjito general hospital in the side of safety, comfort, and simplicity for user to support service effectiveness in that unit. Methods: This was descriptive study which data were collected using qualitative method by observation and group interview with management for additional data. Beside that, researcher also collected data using quantitative method by spreading questionnaire to building’s user. Data were presented descriptively. Subject of the study was management in emergency departement, and internal and external user. Location of the study was emergency department in Dr. Sardjito hospital Jogjakarta. Unit analysis of the study was circulation management on intensive care unit in Dr. Sardjito Jogjakarta. Result: From 9 general criteria of human circulation management, emergency department’s building was only fulfilling 2 criteria (22%). Number of internal respondents who judged that circulation management in emergency department fulfilled general criteria were 54.8%, while external respondents were 64%. The result of observation in 9 points found that a judgment toward categories: safety was 51.6%, comfortable was 44%, and easy was 50%. Number of internal respondents who judged safe was 43.1%, comfortable was 47.6%, and easy was 56.85%, while number of external respondents who judged safe was 67.67%, comfortable was 60.67%, and easy was 53%. The judgment toward guidance/direction in emergency department showed that guidance/direction in that unit was not clear. Only 38.4% said that the guidance/direction was clear. Perception of external respondents toward explicit guidance/direction was better (62%) than internal respondents (38.7%). Conclusion: The study concludes that human circulation management in emergency department in Dr. Sardjito hospital is not complying with prerequirement of a good human circulation management with level of safety and simplicity was moderate, the pleasure was bad.

Kata Kunci : Instalasi Rawat Darurat,Tata Sirkulasi Manusia, Tata Sirkulasi, Instalasi Rawat Darurat, RS Dr Sardjito, circulation management, emergency department, Dr. Sardjito hospital