Status gizi, aktivitas fisik dan prestasi akademik siswa SMU Gakin dan Non Gakin di Kota Bitung

ROBERT, Daniel, Abidillah Mursyid, SKM.,MS

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Gizi dan Kesehatan)

Latar Belakang : Status gizi yang baik dari siswa akan sangat membantu setiap kegiatan aktivitas fisik. Status sosial ekonomi keluarga akan mempengaruhi asupan zat gizi energi dan protein yang akan berdampak pada status gizi, status gizi sangat diperlukan oleh remaja untuk pemeliharaan tubuh serta untuk aktivitas fisik. Siswa SMU dari keluarga miskin (gakin) dan non gakin akan berbeda status gizi, aktivitas fisik dan prestasi akademik. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan, untuk mengetahui perbedaan status gizi, aktivitas fisik dan prestasi akademik siswa SMU Gakin dan non Gakin di Kota Bitung, serta hubungan antara asupan energi, protein dengan status gizi, aktivitas fisik, prestasi akademik siswa SMU Gakin dan non Gakin. Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi dan sampel penelitian adalah siswa SMU Gakin (dari data base) dan siswa non Gakin dengan rentang usia 16 sampai 18 tahun, pengambilan sampel menggunakan Stratified Random Sampling, jumlah sampel keseluruhan 314 siswa. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian bulan September - Desember 2005. hasil pengumpulan data dianalisa menggunakan chi square, t-test, kruskal wallis, dan regresi linier pada tingkat kepercayaan 95 % dan diolah menggunakan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian : Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) status gizi, aktivitas fisik ringan, prestasi akademik pada siswa SMU gakin dan non gakin. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p>0,05) pada aktivitas fisik sedang dan berat. Terdapat hubungan antara variabel luar asupan energi, dengan status gizi, Pekerjaan ayah dengan akvititas ringan, pendidikan dan pekerjaan ayah dengan aktivitas sedang, pendidikan ayah ibu, dan pekerjaan ayah serta asupan energi dengan prestasi akademik. Tidak terdapat hubungan (p>0,05) antara variabel luar dengan aktivitas fisik berat. Kesimpulan : Ada perbedaan status gizi, ada perbedaan aktivitas fisik ringan, dan prestasi akademik pada siswa gakin dan non gakin.

Background: A Good nutrition status of students will greatly support their physical activities. Social economic status of a family may affect intake of nutrient, energy and protein which can bring impact on nutrition status. Good nutrition status is necessary for teenagers to maintain health and support physical activities. Senior high school students from poor and non poor families may have different nutrition status, physical activities and academic achievement. Objective: The objective of the study was to identify differences in nutrition status, physical activities and academic achievement of students from poor and non poor families at Bitung Municipality and relationship between intake of energy and protein and nutrition status, physical activities and academic achievement of students from poor and non poor families. Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. Population and samples were senior high school students (from database) from poor and non poor families aged 16 – 18 years. Total samples were as many as 314 students taken using stratified random sampling technique. The study was conducted in September – December 2005. Data were analyzed using chi-square, t-test and linear regression with significance level 95% and processed using SPSS software. Result: There was a significant difference (p<0,05) in nutrition status, light physical activity, academic achievement in gakin and non gakin highschool students. There was an insignificant difference (p>0,05) in the medium and heavy physical activity. There was a relationship between confounding variable of energy intake with nutrition status, father’s job with light activity, father’s education and job with medium activity, father and mother’s education, and father’s job as well energy intake with academic achievement. There was no relationship (p>0,05) between confounding variable with heavy physical activity. Conclusion: There was a difference in nutrition status, there was a difference in light physical activity and academic achievement achievement between students from poor and those from non poor families..

Kata Kunci : Status Gizi,Gakin,Prestasi Akademik, nutrition status, physical activities, academic achievement, poor families