Hubungan antara pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI dengan status gizi anak 0-24 bulan :: Kajian pada wanita pekerja pabrik pengalengan ikan PT Citra Raja AMpat Sorong Papua

MADJID, Indah Juliana, dr. Madarina Julia, Sp.A.MPH

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Gizi dan Kesehatan)

Latar belakang: Berdasarkan laporan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Sorong Papua sampai dengan maret tahun 2005 tercatat 378 kasus gizi buruk dengan 8 marasmus. Kondisi ini diperburuk dengan rendahnya cakupan pelayanan kesehatan dan gizi di posyandu. Di lingkungan rumah, anak dalam memperoleh asupan gizi sangat tergantung pada pola asuhan orang tua terutama ibu. Peran ibu sangat besar oleh karena diharapkan ibu memiliki waktu yang lebih banyak dirumah, namun bagi wanita yang bekerja terutama pekerja pabrik waktu untuk mengasuh anak lebih sedikit Tujuan penelitian: untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kesempatan menyusui dengan pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI serta mengetahui pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI dengan status gizi. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di pabrik pengalengan ikan PT Raja Ampat kota Sorong. Subyek adalah wanita pekerja pabrik pengalengan ikan yang memiliki anak umur 0 – 24 bulan yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara total populasi yaitu 78 responden. Status gizi ditentukan berdasarkan skor -z panjang badan terhadap umur, berat badan terhadap umur dan berat badan terhadap panjang badan. Sedangkan analisis yang digunakan adalah univariat, bivariat Hasil Penelitian: ada hubungan antara kesempatan menyusui dengan pemberian ASI yaitu p= 0,03 dan kesempatan menyusui dengan pemberian MP-ASI yaitu p<0,001, tidak ada hubungan antara pemberian ASI dengan status gizi panjang badan terhadap umur yaitu p=0,32. Ada hubungan antara pemberianASI dengan status gizi berat badan terhadap umur p=0,01 dan ada hubungan antara pemberian ASI dengan status gizi berat badan terhadap panjang badan p=0,04. tidak ada hubungan antara pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi panjang badan terhadap umur yaitu p=0,51. Ada hubungan antara pemberian MP- ASI dengan status gizi berat badan terhadap umur p=0,02 dan ada hubungan antara pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi berat badan terhadap panjang badan p=0,03 Kesimpulan: ada hubungan antara kesempatan menyusui dengan pemberian ASI dan pemberian MP-ASI, tidak ada hubungan antara pemberian ASI dengan status gizi panjang badan terhadap umur. Ada hubungan antara pemberian ASI dengan status gizi berat badan terhadap umur dan ada hubungan antara pemberian ASI dengan status gizi berat badan terhadap panjang badan. tidak ada hubungan antara pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi panjang badan terhadap umur. Ada hubungan antara pemberian MP- ASI dengan status gizi berat badan terhadap umur dan ada hubungan antara pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi berat badan terhadap panjang badan

Background: Based on a report from the Health Office of Sorong Municipality, Papua, until March 2005 there were 378 cases of malnutrition with 8 cases belonged to serious malnutrition. The condition is worsened by low coverge of health and nutrition service at integrated service post. In the household, children in obtaining nutrition intake greatly depend on rearing pattern of their parents, particularly mothers. Mothers have very important role because they likely spend more time at home. However, women workers, especially those who work at a factory, have limited time to care for their children. Objective: To identify relationship between opportunity to supply breastfeeding and complimentary breastfeeding and between supply of breastfeeding and complimentary breastfeeding with nutrition status. Method: The study was analytical with cross sectional design. It was conducted at PT Raja Ampat Canning Factory of Sorong Municipality with women workers having children aged 0– 24 months who fulfilled inclusion criteria as subject of the study. As many as 78 respondents were taken as samples using total population technique. Nutrition status was determined according to z-score length and age, and body weight and length. Analysis techniques used were univariable, bivariable and stratification . Result: There was relationship between opportunity to breastfeed and supply of breastfeeding (p=0.003) and between opportunity to breastfeed and supply of complimentary breastfeeding (p<0.001). There was no relationship between supply of breastfeeding and length nutrition status with age (p=0.32). There was relationship between supply of breastfeeding and weight nutrition status with age (p=0.01) and there was relationship between supply of breastfeeding and weight nutrition status with length (p=0.04). There was no relationship between supply of complimentary breastfeeding and length nutrition status with age (p=0.51). There was relationship between supply of complimentary breastfeeding and weight nutrition status with age (p=0.02) and there was relationship between supply of complimentary and weight nutrition status with length (p=0.03). Conclusion: There was relationship between opportunity to breastfeed and supply of breastfeeding and complimentary breastfeeding; there was no relationship between supply of brestfeeding and weight nutrition status with age. There was relationship between supply of breasfeeding and weight nutrition status with age and there was relationship between supply of breastfeeding and weight nutrition status with length. There was no relationship between supply of complimentary breastfeeding and length nutrition status with age. There was relationship between supply of complimentary breastfeeding and weight nutrition status with age and there was relationship between supply of complimentary breastfeeding and weight nutrition status with length.

Kata Kunci : Status Gizi,ASI dan Makanan Pendamping, breastfeeding, complimentary breastfeeding, women workers