Pengaruh konseling gizi dengan buku saku diet pada pasien Hiperurisemia rawat jalan di RSUD Noongan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara

REPPIE, Maxie Roudy, Prof.dr. Achmad Husein Asdie, Sp.PD(KE)

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Gizi dan Kesehatan)

Latar Belakang : Prevalensi kejadian hiperurisemia di Minahasa cukup tinggi di Indonesia, hal ini disebabkan karena faktor gizi/asupan makan dan gaya hidup. Perubahan ini bisa diatasi dengan kegiatan konseling gizi untuk merubah sikap dan prilaku makan dengan menggunakan alat bantu konseling gizi yaitu buku saku diet. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh konseling gizi dengan buku saku diet terhadap pengendalian asupan purin dan kadar asam urat darah pasien hiperurisemia yang menjalani rawat jalan di RSUD Noongan. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan Pre and post-test control group design. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien hiperurisemia rawat jalan di RSUD Noongan. Subjek dibagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu : Kelompok intervensi (n=28 orang) kelompok diberikan konseling gizi dengan buku saku diet dan kelompok kontroll (n=28 orang) diberikan konseling gizi tanpa buku saku diet (Leaflet). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposif. Hasil Penelitian : Rata-rata penurunan kadar asam urat awal penelitian dan akhir penelitian yaitu 1,62 mg/dl pada kelompok intervensi dan 0,85 mg/dl pada kelompok kontrol. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna rata-rata penurunan kadar asam urat darah antara kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol (t-test p=0,000). Untuk asupan purin baik awal penelitian maupun asupan purin akhir penelitian tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (awal penelitian t-test p=0,105; akhir penelitian t-test p=0,009). Rata – rata Skor asupan purin awal penelitian dan akhir penelitian terjadi penurunan skor asupan purin pada kelompok intervensi 53,78 sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol 35,39. Ada perbedaan yang bermakna penurunan asupan purin antara kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol (p=0,000). Pada asupan bahan makanan purin tinggi tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna penurunan asupan purin antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (p=1,38) akan tetapi pada asupan bahan makanan purin sedang terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna penurunan asupan purin pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (p =0.000). Kesimpulan : Pengendalian kadar asam urat darah dan asupan purin pasien hiperurisemia yang diberi konseling gizi dengan buku saku diet lebih baik dibanding tanpa buku saku diet (leaflet).

Background: The prevalence of hiperurisemia in Minahasa was quite high in Indonesia. This was caused by nutrition/food intake and life style factors. These changes could be handled with nutrition counseling activity in order to change attitude and food behavior by using nutrition counseling equipment that is diet pocket book. Objective: In order to find out the influence of nutrition counseling with diet pocket book toward the control of purin intake and blood uric acid level in hiperurisemia patients who experienced out patient treatment in Noongan district hospital. Method: This was a quasi experimental research that used pre and post test control group design. The subject of the research was Hiperurisemia patients who experienced out patient treatment in Noongan district hospital. The subject was divided into two groups: intervention group (n=28 people) which was given nutrition counseling with diet pocket book and control group (n=28 people) which was given nutrition counseling without diet pocket book. The sample was taken purposively. Result: The decreasing average of uric acid in the beginning and end of the research was 1,62 mg/dl in intervention group and 0,85 mg/dl in control group. There was a significant difference on the decreasing average of blood uric acid between respondent in intervention group and in control group. The result of statistic analysis with t-test showed that p=0,000. The purin intake in the beginning of the research was p=0,105 with insignificant different while the purin intake at the end of the research which was p=0,009 also showed insignificant different. If the comparison was the decreasing average of purin intake in the beginning and end of the research, there was a decreasing of purin intake in intervention group of 53,78 while in control group was 35,39. The statistic analysis of p=0,000 showed that there was a significant different on the average of purin intake decreasing between respondent of intervention group with respondent of control group. In the high purin of food ingredient intake, there was an insignificant different of high purin intake decreasing between intervention group and control group with p=1,38. On the other hand, in the intake of medium purin food ingredient showed significant different in the decreasing of purin food intake in the intervention group and control group with p=0,000. Conclusion: The control of blood uric acid level, and control of purin intake of hiperurisemia patients who were given nutrition counseling with diet pocket book was better than nutrition counseling without diet pocket book.

Kata Kunci : Konseling Gizi,Pasien Hiperurisemia