Hubungan pemanfaatan bidan dengan cakupan Program Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak Puskesmas di Kabupaten Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah, dan Lombok Timur Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat

MARJITO, dr. Kristiani, SU

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kebij. dan Manaj. Pe

Latar Belakang. Pembangunan di bidang kesehatan provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat masih rendah dibanding dengan daerah lainnya di Indonesia. Ini terbukti dengan tingginya angka kematian ibu dan bayi di daerah ini. Hal tersebut memperlihatkan pentingnya peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Secara kuantitatif sumber daya fungsional masih kurang walaupun pada akhir bulan desember 2005 terjadi peningkatan pegawai sebesar 5,75% dibanding beberapa tahun sebelumnya. Walaupun terdapat peningkatan jumlah tenaga kesehatan, tetapi cakupan program kesehatan ibu dan anak di Kabupaten Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah, dan Lombok Timur masih rendah dan belum memuaskan. Oleh karenanya diperlukan sumber daya manusia berkualitas yang memenuhi standar kualifikasi serta memiliki ketrampilan yang memadai dalam tugas pelayanan kesehatan, terutama pelayanan program kesehatan ibu dan anak. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemanfaatan bidan, persepsi daya guna diri, dan kepusan kerja terhadap cakupan program kesehatan ibu dan anak di Puskesmas Kabupaten Kabupaten Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah dan Lombok Timur Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional dengan metode kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini adalah fungsional bidan puskesmas yang bekerja di Kabupaten Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah, dan Lombok Timur. Tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 216 bidan. Hasil penelitian di analisis menggunakan analisis statitik product moment dan regresi moderasi. Hasil Penelitian. Terdapat hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara pemanfaatan bidan puskesmas, persepsi daya guna diri, dan kepuasan kerja dengan cakupan program KIA (r=0.911, 0.434, 0.507, dan p=0.010). Demikian pula terdapat hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara pemanfaatan bidan dan cakupan program KIA Puskesmas melalui kepuasan kerja bidan (p=0.001, r=0.539, dan R2=0.290 atau memiliki sumbangan efektif 29%). Terdapat pula hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara persepsi daya guna diri dan cakupan program KIA puskesmas melalui kepuasan kerja bidan (p=0.000, r=0.539, dan R2=0.291 atau memiliki sumbangan efektif 29.1%). Demikian juga terdapat hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara pemanfaatan bidan dan persepsi daya guna diri dengan cakupan program KIA Puskesmas melalui kepuasan kerja bidan (p=0.000, r=0.540, dan R2=0.292 atau memiliki sumbangan efektif 29.2%). Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan antara pemanfaatan SDM fungsional dan persepsi daya guna diri terhadap cakupan program kesehatan ibu dan anak puskesmas dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel mediator.

Background. Development in health sector in West Nusa Tenggara Province is still lower compared to other areas in Indonesia. This fact is proved by the high maternal and infant mortality rate in the area. Thus, it is necessary to make improvements on human resource quality. Quantitatively, the numbers of midwives is till considered inadequate even though in the end of December 2005 there was an increase of 5.75% in the amount of health officers compared to previous years. Although there is an increase in the amount of health officers, the coverage of MCH (Mother and Child Health) program in West Lombok, Central Lombok, and East Lombok is still low and unsatisfying. For this reason, qualified human resources who fulfill qualification standards and have adequate skill in health services, especially in mother and child health program, is considered necessary. Objective. The objective of this research was to know the relations between midwives utilization, perception on self capacity, and work satisfaction, with the coverage of MCH programs in health centers in the Districts of West Lombok, Central Lombok, and East Lombok. Methods. This research was an analytical research, with cross sectional design, using quantitative method. The samples of this research were 216 midwives from 41 health centers in the Districts of West Lombok, Central Lombok, and East Lombok. The data were analyzed statistically by using product moment and mediation regression test. Result. There were significant correlation between midwives utilization, perception on self capacity, and midwives satisfaction, with coverage of MCH programs in health centers (r=0.911, 0.434, 0.507, and p=0.010). significant correlation were also found between midwives utilization, with coverage of MCH programs in health centers though midwives work satisfaction (p=0.001, r=0.539, and R2=0.290 or effective contribution of 29%). There were also significant correlations between perception on self capacity, with coverage of MCH programs in health centers through midwives work satisfaction (p=0.001, r=0.539, and R2=0.291 or effective contribution of 29.1%). There were significant correlations between midwives utilization and perception on self capacity, with coverage of MCH programs, through midwives work satisfaction (p=0.001, r=0.540, and R2=0.292 or effective contribution of 29.2%). Conclusion. There were correlations between midwives utilization and perception on self capacity, with coverage of MCH programs in health centers, with midwives work satisfaction as mediator variable.

Kata Kunci : Kebijakan Kesehatan,Puskesmas,Program KIA dan Bidan