Mutu pelayanan farmasi di Puskesmas Kota Padang

JAMIL, Linarni, dr. Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, MA

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kebij. dan Manaj. Pe

Latar belakang. Dalam meningkatkan mutu pelayanan farmasi dibutuhkan tenaga pengelola obat yang memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengelola obat. Di puskesmas Kota Padang masih ditemukan banyak masalah antara lain masih adanya beberapa item dan jumlah obat yang kurang dan yang lain berlebih, pasien harus menunggu lama karena lamanya waktu penyiapan obat, pelabelan obat yang kurang lengkap dan sewaktu penyerahan obat tidak diberikannya/tidak lengkapnya informasi tentang obat yang diberikan kepada pasien, meskipun pelatihan tentang pengelolan obat di puskesmas sudah pernah dilakukan oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kota Padang terhadap sebagian tenaga pengelola obat (asisten apoteker) di puskesmas Kota Padang, oleh karena itu penulis tertarik ingin meneliti apakah ada perbedaan mutu pelayanan farmasi di puskesmas yang mempunyai asisten apoteker yang sudah dilatih dengan puskesmas yang asisten apotekernya belum dilatih tentang pengelolan obat dipuskesmas. Tujuan penelitian. Untuk mengetahui dampak pelatihan asisten apoteker terhadap mutu pelayanan farmasi dipuskesmas Kota Padang. Metode penelitian. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskrptif dengan rancangan studi kasus menggunakan metode kuantitatif, didukung kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah asisten apoteker yang bertugas di kamar obat/apotik puskesmas, Kepala Puskesmas, Kepala Seksi Farmasi Dinas Kesehatan Kota Padang dan Kepala Gudang Farmasi Kota Padang. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan check dokumen dan wawancara mendalam serta kuesioner.

Background: Service of drugs will determine the effectiveness of treatment effort which has been implemented by health care provider to the patient. It is considered as qualified when patients obtained the drugs that suitable with doctor’s receipt and obtained information regarding direction to use. There were still some problems occurred in the Primary Health Care of Padang municipality such as long waiting time for the patients because of long time drugs preparation, incomplete drugs labeling, and did not give information/did not give complete information about the given drugs when giving it to the patient, although the drugs management already obtained training on drugs management as well as continuous supervision was already implemented by the pharmaceutical company and health office of Padang municipality, however, drugs service was not yet showed an optimum result. This research was aimed to find out the quality of pharmaceutical service in the Primary Health Care of Padang municipality that was related with drugs management, training and supervision. Method: This was an observational research that used qualitative and quantitative methods, used cross sectional design, and data was analyzed descriptively. Result: The result showed that the average time for drugs preparation time was 23-149 seconds, average time for giving the drugs was 2-33 seconds, percentage of the given drugs that suitable with the receipt was 94-100%, percentage of the given drugs item that suitable with the receipt was 100%, percentage of receipt replacement was 0%, percentage of complete label was 2,1%, percentage of patient’s knowledge was 9,1%, percentage of suitability of available drugs item with DOEN was 95-97%, the level of drugs availability was around 1-15 month, percentage of suitability between drugs with stock card was 60-100%, percentage of expired drugs was 0%, percentage of broken drugs was 0%, percentage of drugs which was not included in the receipt was 1,3- 15,78%, percentage of antibiotic utilization was 0-47%, percentage of injection utilization was 0% and polipharmacy was 2,5-3,9. Out of 56 pharmacist assistants in the Primary Health Care, 24 people were ever trained, 32 people were never being trained, and supervision which was implemented by the health office and pharmaceutical company was not accompanied with feedback. The measurement with cross tabulation showed that there was a relationship tendency between training, supervision with pharmaceutical service quality, while there was no relationship tendency with the drugs management. Conclusion: Service quality of pharmaceutical in the Primary Health Care of Padang municipality, generally, there was a deducting of the number of drugs that suitable with the receipt that was given to the patient, incomplete label in the drugs package for the patient, and lack of knowledge of patient regarding the drugs because information that is given by the drugs service officer was incomplete or not given. Primary Health Care with good drugs management had not tendency on good quality of pharmaceutical service. Primary Health Care that its drugs service officer (pharmacist assistant) ever followed training on drugs management had tendency on good quality of pharmaceutical service. Primary Health Care which is supervised once in every 6 months had good quality on pharmaceutical service

Kata Kunci : Layanan Kesehatan,Puskesmas,Mutu Layanan Farmasi, Pharmaceutical service quality, drugs management, Training, Supervision