Manajemen sampah dan tingkat kebersihan lingkungan di Pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta tahun 2005

HERMAWAN, Wawan, Prof.Dr.dr. Soebijanto

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Kerja

Latar belakang: Keberadaan sampah di pasar Beringharjo merupakan sisa hasil kegiatan , apabila dibiarkan akan menimbulkan ketidak nyamanan bagi pengunjung maupun pedagang sendiri. Pengelola pasar telah melakukan upaya pengelolaan sampah dua kali sehari yaitu siang hari dan sore hari, namun ceceran sampah selalu ada tidak pada tempatnya. Sesuai teori Green (1980) Perilaku pedagang membuang sampah dibentuk oleh faktor sosiodemografi , pengetahuan dan sikap . Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui kinerja manajemen (aspek tehnik) pengelolaan sampah, tingkat kebersihan lingkungan dan perilaku pedagang membuang sampah. Cara Penelitian : Penelitian ini dilakukan secara observasional, bersifat deskriptif analitik. Sampel adalah pedagang pasar berjumlah 100 orang dan pihak pengelola. Alat penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, chek list, panduan wawancara dan pengamatan langsung oleh peneliti. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik deskriptif univariat, bivariat dan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil analisis variabel aspek tehnik diperoleh tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara penerapan aspek tehnik siang hari dan sore hari, sedangkan variabel tingkat kebersihan diperoleh hasil ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara tingkat kebersihan siang hari dan sore hari. Analisis regresi logistik ganda dari dua variabel yang dimasukan model, dilihat dari nilai Exp (B), ketersediaan lokasi tempat jualan mempunyai hubungan yang dominan dengan perilaku pedagang membuang sampah (OR= 13,100 dan CI 95 %: 2,897 - 59,225) Kesimpulan : 1) kinerja penerapan aspek tehnik (input manajemen sampah) siang hari dengan sore hari, keduanya termasuk dalam katagori baik. 2) perilaku pedagang membuang sampah, 53 % dikatagorikan buruk dan ketersediaan lokasi tempat berjualan merupakan variabel yang paling kuat hubungannya dengan perilaku pedagang membuang sampah. 3) tingkat kebersihan lingkungan (output manajemen sampah) siang hari termasuk katagori sedang dan sore hari termasuk katagori baik. Saran-saran: agar kebersihan tetap terjaga perlu kiranya dilakukan pengawasan dan pengendalian sampah secara rutin, pada masing-masing lokasi kegiatan, meskipun penerapan aspek tehnik sudah dilakukan dengan baik, namun tingkat kebersihan lingkungan belum sesuai dengan harapan.

Background : The presence of garbage in Beringharjo market is the result of the market activities itself. This garbage really needs a certain handling, if it does not it will cause inconvenience and disturbance to visitors and traders (sellers). The people in the market’s manager have tried to carry out this garbage two times a day, in the noon and afternoon. However, there are still always residue of garbage every where. According to the Green’s theory (1980) the behavior of the traders to throw away the garbage every where is influenced by the sociodemographic factor, their knowledge and their attitudes. Objectives : This research is conducted mainly to know the management performance (technical aspect) in processing the garbage, the level of environmental cleanness, and the sellers behavior to throw away their garbage carelessly. Method : This research is conducted by direct observation using descriptive analytical approach. 100 market traders and people of market management were used as samples questioners, check lists, interviews, and direct observations were used for this study. The univariat and bivariat descriptive statistic tests and also a double logistic regression test were used for analysis of data. Result : The analysis result of the variable of technical aspect shows that there are no differences between the application of technical aspect in the noon and in the afternoon. The double logistic regression analysis to the two variable applied to the model is seen from the Exp value (B), the existence of the place to sell, have dominant relation to the trader’s habit to throw away the garbage carelessly (OR = 13,1000 and CI 95% : 2,897 – 59,225). Conclusion: 1) the performance of the technical aspect application (garbage management input) in noon and afternoon, both are classified as good. 2) the behavior of the traders to throw away their garbage carelessly, 53% is classified as bad, and the existence of the place for selling is the strongest variable in accordance with their behavior to throw away garbage carelessly. 3) level of environmental cleanness (garbage management output) in the noon is classified moderate and good in the afternoon. Suggestion: to keep the environment always in clean condition, it really needs to have a supervision and a management of garbage regulary, in each activities location. Even the application of technical aspect is well done, the environmental cleanness has not matched to the expected need.

Kata Kunci : Kesehatan Lingkungan,Manajemen Sampah,Pasar