The Effect of transformational leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) with organizational commitment as mediating variable

BUDIANTO, Hengky Ronald, Hani Handoko, Dr.,MBA

2005 | Tesis | Magister Manajemen

Leadership is central and it brings a great influence in an organization. Employee who works under a good leadership will work effectively; even go beyond what is expected. Employee will work not only for the compensation they get (the -inrole), but also work more than what they are expected (the -extra-role/organizational citizenship behavior). As well as transformational leadership, organizational commitment is also proved to improve the organizational citizenship behavior. Organizational citizenship behavior cannot be detached from employee commitment to the organization, since beyond expectation working achievement is mostly determined by the strength of commitment to the organization. The objective of this research is to test the independent variable (transformational leadership) which significantly affects organizational citizenship behavior whether directly or indirectly with organizational commitment as mediating variable. The questionnaires used in this research are organizational citizenship behavior questionnaire consisting of 20 items of question, multifactor leadership questionnaire 20 items, and organizational commitment questionnaire 15 items. The questionnaires were distributed to 50 full-time employees of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Tbk, Cik Ditiro banch office, DI. Yogyakarta. The result of regression analysis shows that transformational leadership gives a direct significant positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior; 28% variance of organizational citizenship behavio r is affected by transformational leadership. Transformational leadership also gives an indirect significant positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior with organizational commitment as mediating variable; 53,9% variance of organizational citizenship behavior is affected by transformational leadership and organizational commitment. This research shows a valid contribution that transformational leadership and organizational commitment are important components in the company’s dynamic working environment to increase organizational citizenship behavior. Keywords: transformational leadership, organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational commitment

Kepemimpinan merupakan sesuatu yang berpengaruh besar dan sentral dalam organisasi. Karyawan yang memperoleh kepemimpinan yang baik, akan mampu bekerja dengan efektif, bahkan melebihi apa yang dibebankan kepadanya. Karyawan tidak hanya bekerja sesuai dengan imbalan yang diperolehnya (the in -role), tetapi diharapkan mampu untuk bekerja melebihi apa yang seharusnya ia lakukan (the extra role/organizational citizenship behavior). Seperti halnya kepemimpinan transformasional, komitmen organisasional juga terbukti dapat meningkatkan organizational citizenship behavior. Organizational citizenship behavior tidak dapat dilepaskan dari komitmen karyawan terhadap organisasi, karena bagaimanapun prestasi kerja yang melebihi apa yang seharusnya, banyak ditentukan oleh kuat tidaknya komitmen terhadap organisasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menguji variabel bebas (kepemimpinan transformasional) yang secara significant mempengaruhi organizational citizenship behavior baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dengan variabel mediasi yaitu komitmen organisasional. Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah organizational citizenship behavior questionnaire terdiri atas 20 item pertanyaan, multifactor leadership questionnaire terdiri atas 20 item pertanyaan, dan organizational commitment questionnaire, terdiri atas 15 item pertanyaan. Kuesioner dibagikan kepada 50 karyawan tetap pada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Tbk, kantor cabang Cik Ditiro, DI. Yogyakarta. Hasil dari analisis regresi menyatakan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional secara langsung berpengaruh positif significant terhadap organizational citizenship behavior, dengan 28% varians organizational citizenship behavior dipengaruhi oleh kepemimpinan transformasional. Kepemimpinan transformasional secara tidak langsung juga berpengaruh positif significant terhadap organizational citizenship behavior dengan komitmen organisasional sebagai variable mediasi. Sebesar 53,9% varians organizational citizenship behavior dipengaruhi oleh kepemimpinan transformasional dan komitmen organisasional. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi yang nyata bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional dan komitmen organisasional merupakan komponen dalam dinamika kerja perusahaan yang dapat meningkatkan organizational citizenship behavior

Kata Kunci : Manajemen Sumberdaya Manusia,Kepemimpinan Transformasional,Komitmen Organisasional