Analisis gaya kepemimpinan berdasarkan jenis pekerjaan di PT Pantja Motor

SOEGIARTO, Gandewo, Djamaludin Ancok, Prof.Dr.MA

2005 | Tesis | Magister Manajemen

Subyek penelitiannya adalah karyawan operator di pabrik, staf di kantor Pusat, kantor Cabang dan manajemen atasan mereka. Responden tercapai 141 dengan perincian 114 di pabrik perakitan Pondok Ungu, Bekasi, 12 di kantor Pusat Sunter II, Tanjung Priok, Jakarta Utara dan 15 di kantor Cabang Penjualan Bogor. Responden dipilih secara qualitatif setelah dibahas dengan manajemen dan direksi PT. Pantja Motor, anak perusahaan grup Astra Motor III sebagai Agen Tunggal Pemegang Merk kendaraan bermotor Isuzu, suatu perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang pemasaran dan manufakturing kendaraan bermotor beroda 4 atau lebih. Setelah melakukan pengkajian pustaka atas variabel utama sesuai dengan judul penelitian, penjelasan dan pembahasan kelompok karyawan yang dipilih untuk diteliti, pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan melalui kuisioner yang diisi oleh karyawan operator di pabrik serta staf di kantor Pusat maupun di kantor Cabang penjualan mobil Isuzu. Kuisioner yang dipakai adalah 68 pertanyaan untuk mengukur 4 macam Gaya Kepemimpinan atasan (Repressor, Controller, Motivator dan Empowerer) dengan 5 profil Gaya Kepemimpinannya (Developmental, Authoritarian, Confusing, Neutral dan Abdicating) seperti yang dikemukakan oleh Terry Wilson (2002). Variabel dependennya adalah Gaya Kepemimpinan yang memberdayakan, sedangkan variable independennya adalah jenis pekerjaan yang terdiri atas pekerjaan yang banyak berhubungan dengan manusia dibandingkan dengan pekerjaan yang banyak berhubungan dengan mesin.. Dari analisa data yang dikumpulkan melalui kuisioner disimpulkan ada hubungan Gaya Kepemimpinan untuk memberdayakan karyawan bawahan dengan memperhatikan jenis pekerjaan kelompok karyawan di pabrik dengan di kantor pusat maupun kantor cabang. Walaupun ada kesamaan profil Gaya Kepemimpinan yakni Developmental namun tingkatnya berbeda, pemberdayaan atau tingkat pendelegasian staf di Departemen Import, kantor pusat lebih tinggi daripada operator di pabrik.

This research is focusing on operator in Pondok Ungu, Bekasi assembling plant and staff of Head Office in Sunter Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta, salesmen and their administration sta ff in Bogor Branch and their superior. Collected 141 respondences from the survey questionnaire was elected based on qualitative approach, 114 from assembling plant operators, 12 from head office staff and 15 sales representatives and administration staff from Bogor branch office of PT. Pantja Motor, sole distributor and manufacturing company for Isuzu car, a subsidiary company of Astra Motor Group III. After studying the literatures concerning the key variables as said in the topic of this research, then explaining, discussing and selecting with the management of PT. Pantja Motor as to which department the survey will be conducted. The 68 questionnaires, 4 leadership styles (Repressor, Controller, Motivator and Empowerer) and 5 leadership style profile (Developmental, Repressor, Confusing, Neutral and Abdicating) was used for analysing their superior as suggested by Terry Wilson, the Empowerment Manual, 2002. The dependent variable is the Leadership style that empowering the subordinates while the independent variable is the type of job of the employees whether it is full of interaction with the human being or the type of job that close related with the machine, its equipment and tools in the factory. We concluded from the data that analized through the questionnaire in the survey that there is close relationship between leadership style to empower the subordinates with the type of job or task of the operator in the factory or staff in the head office and sales branch office. Although all of the leadership style is showing the same developmental profile, but there are differences interm of intensity or degree of empowerment or delegation of authority between Import Department’s staff which is showing a higher degree of empowerment in comparation with the operator in the assembling plant.

Kata Kunci : Manajemen Sumberdaya Manusia,Gaya Kepemimpinan,Jenis Pekerjaan, Leadership, empowerment, type of job, machine, factory, customer, officer, head office, sales branch, performance