Pertumbuhan, profil metabolit sekunder, kadar flavonoid dan komponen atsiri Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC. pada intensitas cahaya dan penyediaan air berbeda

RETNANINGSIH, Esti, Prof.Dr. Santosa

2006 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan, profil metabolit sekunder yang ditunjukkan kromatogramnya, kadar flavonoid dan komponen atsiri Gynura pseudochina pada intensitas cahaya dan penyediaan air berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial dengan lima ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah intensitas cahaya, yaitu: 100% (C1), 75% (C2), dan 50% (C3) cahaya matahari penuh. Faktor kedua adalah penyediaan air yaitu: penyediaan air sampai kapasitas lapang (1600 ml per pot) per tiga hari (A1), ¾ kapasitas lapang (1200 ml per pot) per tiga hari (A2), ½ kapasitas lapang (800 ml per pot) per tiga hari (A3), dan ¼ kapasitas lapang (400 ml per pot) per tiga hari (A4). Setelah diperlakukan selama dua bulan, tanaman dipanen. Parameter yang diukur adalah pertambahan berat kering, kadar flavonoid dan komponen atsiri. Pertumbuhan ditentukan dengan pertambahan berat kering. Profil metabolit sekunder ditentukan dengan KLT. Kadar flavonoid ditentukan dengan metode spektrofotometri, sedangkan komponen atsiri menggunakan Kromatografi Gas. Data yang didapat diuji menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (Anova), kemudian dilanjutkan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf uji 5%. Dicari korelasi pertumbuhan dan kadar flavonoid menggunakan analisis korelasi linear sederhana. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi perlakuan intensitas cahaya dan penyediaan air berpengaruh signifikan pada pertumbuhan dan kadar flavonoid. Pengurangan intensitas cahaya dan penyediaan air menunjukkan hasil positif pada pertumbuhan. Pengurangan penyediaan air pada intensitas cahaya berbeda meningkatkan kadar flavonoid cukup signifikan. Pertumbuhan tidak memiliki korelasi dengan kadar flavonoid.

The aims of this study were to investigate the growth, profiles of secondary metabolites, flavonoid and volatile compound content of Gynura pseudochina at different light intensity and water supply. Factorial Completely Randomized Design with five replicates was used. The first factor was light intensity, i. e. C1:100%, C2:75%, C3:50% of full sunlight. The second factor was water supply, i. e. A1: field capacity (1600 ml), A2: ¾ of field capacity (1200 ml), A3: ½ of field capacity (800 ml), and A4: ¼ field capacity (400 ml) per pot per three days, respectively. The two months treated plant was harvested. Biomass increment, flavonoid and volatile compound content were measured. The growth was determined by using biomass increment. TLC was used to identify secondary metabolites. The flavonoids were determined by using spectrophotometry and volatile compounds were determined by Gas Chromatography. Collected data were analyzed with Analysis of Variance (Anova) followed by DMRT at 5% of significant. Correlation between growth and flavonoid content were also determined using simple linear correlation test. Analytical data showed that the combination treatment of light intensity and water supply influenced the growth and flavonoid content significantly. Reducing light intensity and water supply had positive effects on the growth. Reducing water supply at different light intensity increased flavonoid content. No correlation was found between growth and flavonoid content.

Kata Kunci : Metabolit Sekunder,Gynura Pseudochina, light intensity, water supply, secondary metabolites, Gynura pseudochina. xv